推荐回答(1个)
整式的乘法单元测试题
一、选择题:(每小题2分,共28分)
1.下列计算正确的是( )
A.2a2�6�12a2=4a2 B.2x2�6�12x3=2x5 C.x�6�1y=(xy)4 D.(-3x)2=9x2
2.若 ,则 等于( )
A.8 B.15 C.45 D.75
3.(-x2y3)3�6�1(-x2y2)的结果是( )
A.-x7y13 B.x3y3 C.-x8y13 D.-x7y5
4.(x+4y)(x-5y)的结果是( )
A.x2-9xy-20y2 B.x2+xy-20y2 C.x2-xy-20y2 D.x2-20y2
5.如果(ax-b)(x+2)=x2-4,那么( )
A.a=1,b=-2 B.a=-1,b=-2; C.a=1,b=2 D.a=-1,b=2
6.化简代数式(x-3)(x-4)-(x-1)(x-3)的结果是( )
A.-11x+15 B.-11x-15; C.-3x-9 D.-3x+9
7.运用乘法公式计算正确的是( )
A.(2x-1)2=4x2-2x+1; B.(y-2x)2=4x2-4xy+y2;
C.(a+3b)2=a2+3ab+9b2; D.(x+2y)2=x2+4xy+2y2
8.如果x+y=a,x-y=b,那么x2-y2等于( )
A.a+b B.ab C.a-b D.
9.下列各式中不能用平方差公式计算的是( )
A.(y-x)(x+y) B.(2x-y)(-y+2x); C.(x-3y)(x+3y) D.(4x-5y)(5y+4x)
10.如果a2-8a+m是一个完全平方式,则m的值为( )
A.-4 B.16 C.4 D.-16
11.若 ,则 的值是( )
A.9 B.11 C.7 D.5
12.下列等式中,是因式分解的是( )
A.(ax+by)(ax-by)=a2x2-b2y2 B.m(x2-y2)=mx2-my2
C.m(a2+b2)=m(a+b)(a-b) D.mx+nx-my-ny=(m+n)(x-y)
13.下列各式中,因式分解正确的是( )
A.x4-81=(x2+9)(x2-9) B.x2-y2-1=(x+y)(x-y)-1
C.x2-0.01=(x+0.1)(x-0.1) D.xy-4xy3=xy(1-4y)2
14.把(2x-y)(3x-2y)+(x-2y)(2y-3x)分解因式,其结果是( )
A.(3x-2y)(x-y) B.(3x-2y)(x+y) C.3(x-y)(3x-2y) D.(3x-2y)(x-3y)
二、填空题:(每小题3分,共18分)
15. =( )2
16. 分解因式:81x4-49y2=_____________________________________;
17.多项式25m5n-15m3n3x2-35m4n2x的公因式是__________.
18.x5-4x3=x3( )=( )( )( )
19.若a+b=4,a2-b2=8,则a-b=______________.
20.(4x-3y)2-20(4x-3y)+100=[ ]2.
三、解答题:(共54分)
21.分解因式:(8分)
(1)4x2-9; (2)-x2+4x-4;
(3)(a+b)2+2(a+b)+1; (4)(m-2n)2-6(2n-m)(m+n)+9(m+n)2
22.用简便方法计算:(12分)
(1)20022-19982; (2)999×1001;
(3)2012-200×202; (4) .
23.若x2-4x+y2+2y+5=0,试求x,y的值.(5分)
24.已知a+b= ,ab= ,求 a3b+ ab3的值.(5分)
25.你会利用平方差公式计算(3+2)(32+22)(34+24)(38+28)吗?(5分)
26.仔细观察下列四个等式:
32=2+22+3,
42=3+32+4,
52=4+42+5,
62=5+52+6,
(1)请你写出第5个等式;(2分)
(2)并应用这5个等式的规律,归纳总结出一个表示公式;(2分)
(3)将这个规律公式认真整理后你会发现什么?(2分)
27.用幂的运算知识,你能比较出3555与4444和5333的大小吗? 请给出科学详细的证明过程.(5分)
28.如图所示,边长为a的大正方形中有一个边长为b的小正方形.
(1)请用字母a和b表示出图中阴影部分的面积;(2分)
(2)将阴影部分还能拼成一个长方形,如图乙这个长方形的长和宽分别是多少? 表示出阴影部分的面积;(3分)
(3)比较(1)和(2)的结果,可以验证平方差公式吗?请给予解答.(3分)
整式的乘法答案
一、1.D 2.B 3.C 4.C 5.C 6.D 7.B 8.B 9.B 10.B 11.C 12. D 13.C 14.B
二、15. x2y3z4 16.(9x2+7y)(9x2-7y) 17.5m3n 18.x2-4 x3 x+2 x-2 19. 2 20.(4x-3y)-10
三、21.(1)(2x+3)(2x-3). (2)-(x-2)2. (3)[(a+b)+1]2. (4)[(m-2n)+3(m+n)]2
22:解.(1)20022-19982=(2000+2)2-(2000-2)2
=[(2000+2+2000-2)(2000+2-2000+2)]
=4000×4=16000.
(2)999×1001=(1000-1)(1000+1)=10002-1=999999.
(3)2012-200×202=(200+1)2-200(200+1+1)
=(200+1)2-200(200+1)-200=(200+ 1)( 200+ 1-200)-200=200+1-200=1.
(4)22001 -5×22000 +6×21999 +5000=21999(22 -5×2+6)+5000=5000.
23.提示:将原多项式化为两个完全平方式,且两个完全平方式都是非负数,
所以求出x,y的值.
原式=x2-4x+4+y2+2y+1=0,
所以有x2-4x+4=(x-2)2,y2+2y+1=(y+1)2 ,
即 原式=(x-2)2 +(y+1)2 =0,而(x-1)2≥0,且(x+y)2≥0,
∴x-2=0和y+1=0,∴x=2,y=-1.
24.提示:所求的二项式 a3b+ ab3= ab(a2+b2),观察化简结果中有ab和a2+b2, 于是想到将已知条件a+b= 两边平方,即(a+b)2= ,
∴ ,
∴ ,
∴原式= .
25.提示:可以利用平方差公式计算,将此式乘以(3-2),整个公式转折性变化,因为平方差公式中有“差”项因式,而(3-2)即是“差”项因式,而结果为1, 不影响计算结果,
所以原式可化为(3-2)(3+2)(32+22)(34+24)(38+28)
=(32-22)(32+22)(34+24)(38+28)
=( 34-24)(34+24)(38+28)
=(38-28)(38+28)
=316-216.
26.(1)72=6+62+7.(2)所归纳的表达式为(n+1)2=n+(n)2+(n+1).
(3)认真整理后发现(n+1)2=n2+2n+1是我们所熟知的两数和的平方公式.
27.提示:因为它们的指数为555,444,333,具有公因式111,所以
而 ,
∴ .
28.提示:(1)图甲阴影部分的面积值为a2-b2.
(2) 图乙所重拼的长方形的面积为(a+b)(a-b).
(3)比较(1)和(2)的结果,都表示同一阴影的面积,它们相等,即(a2-b2)=(a+b)(a-b),可以验证平方差公式,这也是平方差公式的几何意义.
看看行不行啊
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