为什么检验硫酸根离子时,要么用到HCl和BaCl2,要么用HNO3和BaNO3,而不能混用呢

2025-03-26 22:28:00
推荐回答(5个)
回答1:

不可以用HNO3,因为会氧化SO32-成SO42-,即使没有也被你说成有了.
用HCl不仅可以排除CO32-,PO43-等,还可以排除Ag+,一举两得.
此时再向酸化过的溶液加入BaCl2有沉淀就是SO42-了.
但这个方法有弊端,就是当溶液中同时含有SO32-和NO3-的时候,加入盐酸同样可以将SO32-氧化.所以SO42-的检验实际上有点麻烦..
首先,向待测溶液中加入过量Ba(NO3)2,过滤得到不溶物,用蒸馏水洗净.
其次,向该沉淀滴加盐酸,沉淀不溶解证明原溶液中有SO42-.
因为加入Ba(NO3)2产生沉淀只有可能是Ba2+的沉淀,因此就算後来加入HCl沉淀不溶解也不需要考虑AgCl.

回答2:

不能用先加硝酸再加硝酸钡的方法,那是初中的错误方法。因为如果溶液中有亚硫酸根,硝酸中的H离子会将亚硫酸根离子氧化成硫酸根,所以不能鉴别溶液中到底有没有硫酸根。最好的方法用先加入足量的稀盐酸再加入氯化钡

回答3:

硝酸无论稀还是浓都有强氧化性,溶液中如有亚硫酸根加了硝酸后会被氧化为硫酸根影响判断,另外硝酸根如与氢离子相遇依旧表现强氧化性,所以不能用

回答4:

硝酸根在酸性条件下能把亚硫酸根氧化成硫酸根干扰检验。

回答5:

当然是同体系的比较好啦,为什么非混用呢?

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