递归算法是怎么运行的

2025-02-12 04:45:54
推荐回答(4个)
回答1:

递归算法是把问题转化为规模缩小了的同类问题的子问题。然后递归调用函数(或过程)来表示问题的解。
一个过程(或函数)直接或间接调用自己本身,这种过程(或函数)叫递归过程(或函数)。
递归算法
递归算法流程
递归过程一般通过函数或子过程来实现。递归方法:在函数或子过程的内部,直接或者间接地调用自己的算法。

算法简析
递归是计算机科学的一个重要概念,递归的方法是程序设计中有效的方,采用递归编写
递归能使程序变得简洁和清晰。

回答2:

自己调用自己呗,抽象的理解应该是很简单的,问题的规模不断减少,然后到达终点。
你是想了解实际上的执行原理?

回答3:

谁调用它 ,它就返回给谁;

回答4:

归算法是一种直接或者间接地调用自身算法的过程。在计算机编写程序中,递归算法对解决一大类问题是十分有效的,它往往使算法的描述简洁而且易于理解。
  递归算法解决问题的特点:
  (1) 递归就是在过程或函数里调用自身。
  (2) 在使用递归策略时,必须有一个明确的递归结束条件,称为递归出口。
  (3) 递归算法解题通常显得很简洁,但递归算法解题的运行效率较低。所以一般不提倡用递归算法设计程序。
  (4) 在递归调用的过程当中系统为每一层的返回点、局部量等开辟了栈来存储。递归次数过多容易造成栈溢出等。所以一般不提倡用递归算法设计程序。
递归算法要求
  递归算法所体现的“重复”一般有三个要求:
  一是每次调用在规模上都有所缩小(通常是减半);
  二是相邻两次重复之间有紧密的联系,前一次要为后一次做准备(通常前一次的输出就作为后一次的输入);
  三是在问题的规模极小时必须用直接给出解答而不再进行递归调用,因而每次递归调用都是有条件的(以规模未达到直接解答的大小为条件),无条件递归调用将会成为死循环而不能正常结束。
举例
  描述:把一个整数按n(2<=n<=20)进制表示出来,并保存在给定字符串中。比如121用二进制表示得到结果为:“1111001”。
  参数说明:s: 保存转换后得到的结果。
  n: 待转换的整数。
  b: n进制(2<=n<=20)
  void
  numbconv(char *s, int n, int b)
  {
  int len;
  if(n == 0) {
  strcpy(s, "");
  return;
  }
  /* figure out first n-1 digits */
  numbconv(s, n/b, b);
  /* add last digit */
  len = strlen(s);
  s[len] = "0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ"[n%b];
  s[len+1] = '\0';
  }
  void
  main(void)
  {
  char s[20];
  int i, base;
  FILE *fin, *fout;
  fin = fopen("palsquare . in", "r");
  fout = fopen("palsquare.out", "w");
  assert(fin != NULL && fout != NULL);
  fscanf(fin, "%d", &base);
  /*PLS set START and END*/
  for(i=START; i <= END; i++) {
  numbconv(s, i*i, base);
  fprintf(fout, "%s\n", s);
  }
  exit(0);
  }
  
编辑本段递归算法简析
  递归是计算机科学的一个重要概念,递归的方法是程序设计中有效的方法,采用递归编写
  递归能使程序变得简洁和清晰.
一 递归的概念
  1.概念
  一个过程(或函数)直接或间接调用自己本身,这种过程(或函数)叫递归过程(或函数).
  如:
  procedure a;
  begin
  .
  .
  .
  a;
  .
  .
  .
  end;
  这种方式是直接调用.
  又如:
  procedure c(形参);forward;
  procedure b;
  局部说明
  begin
  . .
  c(实参);
  . .
  end;
  procedure c;
  局部说明;
  begin
  . .
  b;
  . .
  end;
  这种方式是间接调用.
  例1计算n!可用递归公式如下:
  fac:=n*fac(n-1) {当n>0时}
  fac(n)={
  fac:=1; { 当n=0时}
  可编写程序如下:
  program facn;
  var
  n:integer;
  function fac(n:integer):real;
  begin
  if n=0
  then fac:=1
  else fac:=n*fac(n-1);
  end;
  begin
  write('n=');readln(n);
  writeln(n,'!=',fac(n):0:0);
  end.
  例2 楼梯有n阶台阶,上楼可以一步上1阶,也可以一步上2阶,编一程序计算共有多少种不同的走法.
  设n阶台阶的走法数为f(n)
  显然有
  n=1
  f(n)={
  f(n-1)+f(n-2) n>2
  可编程序如下:
  program louti;
  var n:integer;
  function f(x:integer):integer;
  begin
  if x=1 then f:=1 else
  if x=2 then f:=2 else f:=f(x-1)+f(x-2);
  end;
  begin
  write('n=');read(n);
  writeln('f(',n,')=',f(n))
  end.

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