通过阅读作品,试比较《左传》、《国语》和《战国策》在叙事、写人、记言方面有何异同?

2025-03-16 17:13:07
推荐回答(1个)
回答1:

记得以前看古文观止时,先秦文学中最喜欢的就是左传的三十三篇和国策的十三篇,国语在文学上比战国策与左传逊色得多了。
评价它们得分为学术价值与文学价值。那时散文可分为诸子散文与历史散文。它们都是历史散文。
左传善于描写复杂事件,善于刻画人物形象,语言明白流畅。在文学和语言上有很大成就。作者善于用极精炼白人的语句、委婉流畅的笔调写出纷繁复杂的历史事件,层次分明,条理清晰;也善于用极少的笔墨刻画出人物的语言、动作和内心活动,形象鲜明,绘声绘色。在汉语的文学语言史上,标志着汉语发展的里程碑。
战国策文学成就与左传一样,具有较高的文学价值。它语言犀利,文笔恣肆,长于辩论;又善于用寓言故事来形象地说明抽象的道理。它的表现技巧得到历来文人学者的一致赞扬。甚至说”若在文世,则扬班俦矣”。特色嘛有以下几个方面:(1)人物形象的描写(2)形象语言的运用,用一连串的形象作比喻,把理论阐述得十分透彻。(3)历史典故的引用对后世的理论文有较大的影响,”言之有物”的文章更能加强说服力。此外还有夸张和渲染,语气词运用的灵活和得当。
以上从文学价值说。
国语记述史实,偏重记言,往往通过历史人物在当时各种政治活动中的议论、对话,把人物的面目、性格和他们的政治主张生动地表现出来。但国语反映的社会比较狭窄,记载比较琐屑,议论比较支蔓,比左传和国策远为逊色。
左传与国策文学价值较高,国语学术价值较高。

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