三国演义英文简介

《三国演义》英文简介：

The Romance of the Three Kingdoms is one of the four famous classical works in China. It is the first long chapter historical novel in China. 

Its full name is The Romance of the Three Kingdoms (also known as the Romance of the Three Kingdoms). 

The author is Luo Guanzhong, a famous novelist in the late Yuan Dynasty and the early Ming Dynasty. 

After the completion of the book, many editions such as Jiajing Renwu edition were handed down. 

By the end of Ming Dynasty and the beginning of Qing Dynasty, Mao Zonggang rectified the review, revised the diction and changed the poems and prose of The Romance of the Three Kingdoms. 

The Romance of the Three Kingdoms describes nearly a hundred years of history from the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty to the beginning of the Western Jin Dynasty. 

It mainly describes the war. It tells the story of the struggle between the group of heroes in the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty and the political and military struggle between the Wei, Shu and Wu Kingdoms. 

Sima Yan eventually unified the three Kingdoms and established the Jin Dynasty.

It reflects the transformation of various social struggles and contradictions in the Three Kingdoms era, summarizes the great changes in the history of this era, and shapes a group of heroes of the Three Kingdoms.

The book can be roughly divided into five parts: 

the Yellow Towel Uprising, Dong Zhuo's Rebellion, the struggle for deer, the tripartite confrontation of the Three Kingdoms and the return of the Three Kingdoms to Jin. 

On the vast historical stage, there were momentous scenes of war.

The author, Lt. Luo Guanzhong, combines the thirty-six tactics of war into the lines, which includes plots and tactics.

The Romance of the Three Kingdoms is the first chapter novel in the history of Chinese literature, the pioneering work of historical novel and the first literati novel.

汉语对照：

《三国演义》是中国古典四大名著之一，是中国第一部长篇章回体历史演义小说，全名为《三国志通俗演义》（又称《三国志演义》），作者是元末明初的著名小说家罗贯中。

《三国志通俗演义》成书后有嘉靖壬午本等多个版本传于世，到了明末清初，毛宗岗对《三国演义》整顿回目、修正文辞、改换诗文。

《三国演义》描写了从东汉末年到西晋初年之间近百年的历史风云，以描写战争为主，诉说了东汉末年的群雄割据混战和魏、蜀、吴三国之间的政治和军事斗争，最终司马炎一统三国，建立晋朝的故事。

反映了三国时代各类社会斗争与矛盾的转化，并概括了这一时代的历史巨变，塑造了一群叱咤风云的三国英雄人物。

全书可大致分为黄巾起义、董卓之乱、群雄逐鹿、三国鼎立、三国归晋五大部分。在广阔的历史舞台上，上演了一幕幕气势磅礴的战争场面。作者罗贯中将兵法三十六计融于字里行间，既有情节，也有兵法韬略。

《三国演义》是中国文学史上第一部章回小说，是历史演义小说的开山之作，也是第一部文人长篇小说。

扩展资料

《三国演义》赏析：

《三国演义》以描写战争为主，反映了蜀（汉）、魏、吴三个政治集团之间的政治和军事斗争，大致分为黄巾之乱、董卓之乱、群雄逐鹿、三国鼎立、三国归晋五大部分。

在广阔的背景下，上演了一幕幕波澜起伏、气势磅礴的战争场面，成功刻画了近五百个人物形象，其中曹操、刘备、孙权、诸葛亮、周瑜、关羽、张飞等人物形象脍炙人口、深入人心。

《三国演义》不仅是较早的一部历史小说，还代表着古代历史小说的最高成就。小说采用浅近的文言，明快流畅，雅俗共赏；

笔法富于变化，对比映衬，旁冗侧出，波澜曲折，摇曳多姿。又以宏伟的结构，把百年左右头绪纷繁、错综复杂的事件和众多的人物组织得完整严密，叙述得有条不紊、前后呼应，彼此关联，环环紧扣，层层推进。

《三国演义》的艺术成就更重要的是在战争描写和人物塑造上。小说最擅长描写战争，并能写出每次战争的特点。注意描写在具体条件下不同战略战术的运用，指导作战的主观能动性的发挥，而不把主要笔墨花在单纯的实力和武艺较量上。

如官渡之战、赤壁之战、夷陵之战等，每次战争的写法也随战争特点发生变化，在写战争的同时，兼写其他活动，作为战争的前奏、余波，或者战争的辅助手段，使紧张激烈、惊心动魄的战争表现得有张有弛，疾缓相间。

英文简介

At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the emperor was dim and incompetent, the eunuch was authoritarian, the court was corrupt, and the people suffered terribly, which led to the outbreak of a large peasant uprising, the Yellow Towel Uprising.

At that time, Yuan Shao and Cao Cao led all the princes to Chongren Palace in the name of Ping Shichang Shishi Rebellion, and Liu Bian, the Han Shao Emperor, and Liu Xie, the Chen Liuwang, fled in panic. In the process of searching for Liu Debate and Liu Xie, Dong Zhuo of Liangzhou, the former soldier, took control of the great power of the dynasty immediately because of his success in rescuing and driving. He abolished the Han Shao Emperor and established Liu Xie, the Chen Liuwang, as the Han Xiandi Emperor. Dong Zhuo, who was cruel by nature, acted against his will and aroused indignation from many sides. In the name of the imperial decree, Cao Cao called a group of heroes to jointly fight against Dong Zhuo, forcing him to take the Han Emperor to Chang'an. Dong Zhuo was later killed by his righteous son Lu Bu.

Afterwards, Yuan Shao sought to keep Sun Jian's national seal in Changsha. Sun Jian was attacked by Liu Biao of Jingzhou on his way to escape, and they became bitter. Sun Jian died in the war when he attacked Jingzhou. At the same time, Yuan Shao and Gongsun Zan fought at the boundary of Hebei Province, and the boundary bridge war broke out. Cao Cao recruited talents extensively, and Liu Bei continued to expand his strength. At this time, the embryonic form of the group of male competing for deer in the Central Plains was formed.

After Dong Zhuo's death, Cao Cao "took the Son of Heaven to order the princes" to welcome Emperor Xuchang to build the capital, and used his power to remove Lu Bu, Yuan Shu and others. In the subsequent battle of Guandu, Cao Cao defeated Yuan Shao more or less with a small victory, and then unified the north, which laid a solid foundation for the establishment of the Wei State.

In Jiangdong, Sun Ce, the son of Sun Jian, worked hard for many years and eventually dominated 81 prefectures in six counties in Jiangdong. After Sun Ce's death, his brother Sun Quan succeeded. With the support of Zhou Yu and others, Sun Quan has accumulated strong strength for the establishment of Wu State. Liu Bei, together with Guan Yu and Zhang Fei, set up a banner to assist the Han Dynasty. Liu Bei was defeated by Liu Biao in Runan and went to Jingzhou Liu Biao. Then Liu Bei looked at Maolu three times and asked Zhuge Liang, who was resourceful and had the heart of the world, to assist him.

After unification of the north, Cao Cao began to raise his troops to the south, pointing directly at Jingzhou and Jiangdu. At this time, Liu Biao died and his eldest son, Liu Qi, was in charge of Jiangxia. Second son Liu Cong took over Jingzhou and surrendered to Cao Cao. Jingzhou fell into the audience of Cao Cao. Facing the situation of Cao Cao's Southern Expedition, Liu Bei sent Zhuge Liang to Jiangdong to form an alliance with Sun Quan. Zhuge Liang, by virtue of his wit, fought against Confucianism in Jiangdong tongue and eventually led to the alliance of Sun and Liu. In the battle of Chibi, Zhuge Liang broke through Cao Jun through a series of step-by-step and planned actions, such as counter-tactics, serial tactics and bitter meat tactics, and wrote a glorious chapter in the history of ancient wars in China.

After the Chibi War, Liu Bei and Sun Quan turned to fight for Jingzhou. Sun Quan sent Lu Su to Liu Bei to return Jingzhou. Liu Bei refused many times under Zhuge Liang's advice. Zhou Yu offered his advice to Sun Quan to trick Liu Bei into going to Dongwu to marry Sun Shangxiang, Sun Quan's sister, and then detained Liu Bei, forcing Zhuge Liang to replace him with Jingzhou. Unexpectedly, Zhou Yu's schemes were repeatedly recognized by Zhuge Liang, resulting in his "lost his wife and lost his army". Zhou Yu eventually vomited blood and died in Zhuge Liang's sarcasm, leaving behind "He Shengliang, who is born with Yo!" Sigh deeply.

After Zhou Yu's death, Wu Jun was busy fighting with Cao Jun. Liu Bei defeated Liu Zhang and seized Xichuan under Zhuge Liang's persuasion. He also seized Hanzhong from Cao Cao, and made himself king of Hanzhong. So far, the general situation of the world has come to an end, and the tripartite stand of the three countries has taken shape. Liu Bei called the emperor in Bashu and the state name Shuhan; Cao Cao dominated the Central Plains, then his son Cao Pi usurped the Han Dynasty and changed the name to Wei; Sun Quan was sitting on the east side of Zhenjiang.

After the Eastern Wu Dynasty and the Cao Wei Dynasty, Sun Quan was feuded the Hou of Nanchang. General Lu Meng of the Eastern Wu Dynasty seized Jingzhou by crossing the river in white clothes. At this time, Guan Yu, who was attacking Fancheng, had to retreat to Maicheng and be captured in the process of breaking through the siege. Guan Yu was beheaded by Sun Quan rather than die. Zhang Fei was also killed by Fan Qiang and Zhang Da, and Liu Bei was distressed.

Sun Quan then worshipped Lu Xun as the governor of the metropolis and defeated the Shu Army. Liu Bei fell ill when he led the defeated army to withdraw to Baidi City and left Zhuge Liangtuo alone before he died. Cao Pi took the opportunity to join forces with Dongwu, Nanman, Qiang and Shuhan to attack Shu. Zhuge Liang sent Machao and Zhao Yun to guard the pass, Li Yan and Deng Zhi to persuade Meng Da and Dongwu. Zhuge Liang personally led the army in seven captures and seven columns, calming down the Nanman Meng Huo Rebellion.

After Cao Pi died of illness, his son Cao Rui came to power. Zhuge Liang left Qishan six times and was determined to fulfill Liu Bei's will to restore the Han Dynasty. In the meantime, Zhuge Liang recovered Jiang Wei and taught him all his life. Zhuge Liang eventually died of overwork in Wuzhangyuan. Jiang Wei inherited Zhuge Liang's will and continued to raise troops against Wei, but he was murdered by a faint master and a treacherous minister and fled to Langzhong. Wei General Deng Ai took advantage of the internal turmoil in Shu and attacked. Liu Chan, the master of Shu, fell without battle and the Shuhan Dynasty was destroyed. Jiang Wei was badly wounded under Sima Zhao's siege and pulled out his sword.

After Sun Quan's death in the Eastern Wu Dynasty, civil strife continued. Sun Liang, the owner of Wu, was abolished by Sun Lin, who was the sole authority, and Sun Xiu was appointed emperor. Sun Xiu and Ding Feng, Veteran General of Sun Xiu, removed Sun Lin and regained power. But at this time, Dongwu also showed the trend of going east of the Yangtze River. In the State of Wei, Cao Fang succeeded Cao Rui after his death, and Sima Yi seized military power from Cao Shuang. After Cao Fang was abolished, Sima Brothers made Cao Feng Emperor and Sima Zhao, the son of Sima Yi, was the sole ruler. Sima Yan, the son of Hou Sima Zhao, usurped the throne, changed the name to Jin, and the State of Wei was destroyed. Wu was eventually destroyed by the Western Jin Dynasty.

"The general situation of the world, dividing time into time, dividing time into time." The centuries of war finally ended here, and the Western Jin Dynasty opened up another unified situation in Chinese history.

中文简介

东汉末年，皇帝昏聩无能，宦官专权，朝廷腐败，百姓苦不堪言，进而爆发了大型农民起义——黄巾起义。

是时，袁绍和曹操领众诸侯以平“十常侍之乱”为名冲人皇宫，汉少帝刘辩与陈留王刘协慌乱出逃。在各路诸侯争相寻找刘辩和刘协的过程中，原屯兵凉州的董卓因救驾有功随即掌控朝中大权，废汉少帝，立陈留王刘协为汉献帝。生性残暴的董卓倒行逆施，引发多方愤然。曹操假借圣旨之名，召集群雄联合讨伐董卓，迫使其挟汉献帝至长安。董卓后被其义子吕布所杀。

此后，袁绍欲谋长沙太守孙坚手中的传国玉玺，孙坚在逃避途中遭荆州刘表所袭而两相结怨。孙坚在后进攻荆州之时死于战中。与此同时，袁绍与公孙瓒在河北地界争斗，爆发界桥之战。曹操广泛招贤纳才，刘备不断扩充实力。此时，群雄逐鹿中原的雏形初成。

董卓死后，曹操“挟天子以令诸侯”，迎汉献帝于许昌建都，并运用权谋除去了吕布、袁术等人。在其后的官渡之战中，曹操以少胜多大败袁绍，继而一统北方，为此后魏国的建立奠定了坚实的基础。

在江东，孙坚之子孙策多年苦心经营，终于称霸江东六郡八十一州。孙策亡故后，其弟孙权继业。孙权在周瑜等人扶持下，为吴国的建立积聚了强大的实力。刘备则与关羽、张飞二人桃园结义，共同立起辅佐汉室的大旗。刘备在汝南遭刘表战败，投奔荆州刘表。而后刘备三顾茅庐，请得足智多谋而又心怀天下的诸葛亮辅佐。

曹操统一北方后开始举兵南征，矛头直指荆州和江都。此时，刘表亡故，其长子刘琦守江夏。次子刘琮接管荆州，后投降曹操，荆州于是落入曹操受众。面对曹操南征之势，刘备遣诸葛亮往江东与孙权结盟。诸葛亮凭借机智在江东舌战群儒，最终促成孙、刘联军，并在赤壁之战中通过反间计、连环计、苦肉计等一系列有步骤、有计划的行动，大破曹军，谱写了我国古代战争史上以少胜多的光辉篇章。

赤壁大战过后，刘备、孙权转而互争荆州。孙权遣鲁肃向刘备讨还荆州，刘备在诸葛亮的劝谕下多次推辞。周瑜向孙权献计，欲骗刘备前往东吴迎娶孙权之妹孙尚香为妻，进而扣留刘备，威逼诸葛亮以荆州换之。不料周瑜的计谋都被诸葛亮屡屡识破，致使其“赔了夫人又折兵”。周瑜最终在诸葛亮的讥讽中呕血而亡，留下了“既生瑜，何生亮！”的长叹。

周瑜死后，吴军忙于与曹军开战。刘备则在诸葛亮的劝说下打败刘璋，夺取西川，并从曹操手中夺得汉中，自封汉中王。至此，天下大势抵定，三国鼎立局面形成。刘备在巴蜀称帝，国号蜀汉；曹操称霸中原，后由其子曹丕篡汉，改国号为魏；孙权则坐镇江东一方。

后东吴与曹魏修好，孙权受封南昌侯。东吴大将吕蒙以白衣渡江之计夺取荆州。此时正在攻打樊城的关羽不得不退守麦城并在突围过程中被擒。关羽宁死不降而被孙权斩首。张飞亦被部下范强、张达所杀，刘备痛心疾首。

孙权继而拜陆逊为大都督，大败蜀军。刘备在率败军撤至白帝城之时病倒，并在临终前向诸葛亮托孤。曹丕此时趁机联合东吴、南蛮、羌族和蜀汉降将孟达进攻蜀国。诸葛亮派出马超、赵云等猛将把守关口，又派出李严，邓芝等人说服孟达与东吴。诸葛亮则亲领大军七擒七纵，平定了南蛮孟获之乱。

后曹丕病逝，其子曹睿即位。诸葛亮六出祁山，决心为刘备完成匡复汉室的遗愿。在此其间，诸葛亮收复姜维并以己平生所学相授。诸葛亮最终因操劳过度在五丈原病逝。姜维继承诸葛亮遗志，继续兴兵抗魏却被昏主奸臣所害，逃往阆中。魏将邓艾趁蜀国内乱之际发兵进攻，蜀主刘禅不战而降，蜀汉至此灭亡。姜维在司马昭的围攻下身负重伤，拔剑自刎。

东吴孙权死后，内乱不止，吴主孙亮被独揽大权的孙琳所废，孙休被立为帝。孙休联合老将丁奉除掉孙琳将大权夺回手中，但东吴此时也已呈现大江东去之势。在魏国，曹睿死后曹芳继位，司马懿从曹爽手中夺得兵权。后曹芳被废，司马兄弟立曹髦为帝，司马懿之子司马昭大权独揽。后司马昭之子司马炎篡位，改国号为晋，魏国灭。吴国最终被西晋所灭。

“天下大势，分久必合，合久必分”，百年战乱终于在此划下句点，西晋开拓了中国历史上又一个大一统的局面。

扩展资料

创作背景

元末明初，社会矛盾尖锐，农民起义此起彼伏，群雄割据，多年战乱后朱元璋剿灭群雄，推翻元王朝，建立明王朝。期间人民流离失所，罗贯中作为一名杂剧和话本作者，生活在社会底层，了解和熟悉人民的疾苦，期望社会稳定，百姓安居乐业，作为底层的知识分子思考，并希望结束动荡造成的悲惨局面。由此就东汉末年的历史创作了《三国演义》这部历史小说。

全书解析

《三国演义》描写了从东汉末年到西晋初年之间近百年的历史风云，以描写战争为主，诉说了东汉末年的群雄割据混战和魏、蜀、吴三国之间的政治和军事斗争，最终司马炎一统三国，建立晋朝的故事。反映了三国时代各类社会斗争与矛盾的转化，并概括了这一时代的历史巨变，塑造了一群叱咤风云的三国英雄人物。

全书可大致分为黄巾起义、董卓之乱、群雄逐鹿、三国鼎立、三国归晋五大部分。在广阔的历史舞台上，上演了一幕幕气势磅礴的战争场面。作者罗贯中将兵法三十六计融于字里行间，既有情节，也有兵法韬略。

参考资料：百度百科—三国演义

Romance of the Three Kingdoms

First of the five great works of traditional prose fiction, this master narrative transforms history into epic and has thereby educated and entertained readers of five centuries with unforgettable exemplars of martial and civic virtue, of personal fidelity and political treachery. "The empire, long divided, must unite; long united, must divide. Thus it has ever been." Echoing the rhythms of Chinese history itself, the monumental tale Three Kingdoms begins. As important for Chinese culture as the Homeric epics have been for the West, this fourteenth-century masterpiece continues to be loved and read throughout China today. Three Kingdoms portrays a fateful moment at the end of the Han Dynasty (206 B.C.-A.D. 220) when the future of the Chinese empire lay in the balance. Fearing attacks by three rebellious states, the emperor sent out an urgent appeal for support. In response, three young men - the aristocratic Liu Xuande, the fugitive Lord Guan, and the pig butcher Zhang Fei - met to swear eternal brotherhood and fealty to their beleaguered country. Their vow set in motion the series of events that ultimately resulted in the collapse of the Han. Writing centuries later, Luo Guanzhong drew on, often-told tales of this turbulent period to fashion a sophisticated narrative of loyalty and treachery, triumph and defeat, that came to epitomize all that was best and worst in the life of his country.

"Three Kingdoms is the tale (part historical, part legend and myth) of the fall of the Later Han Dynasty of China. It chronicles the lives of those feudal lords and their retainers who tried to either replace the empire or restore it. While the novel actually follows literally hundreds of characters, the focus is mainly on the 3 families who would eventually carve out the 3 kingdoms from the remnants of the Han. The Liu family in the Shu kingdom led by Liu Bei, The Cao family in Wei led by Cao Cao, and the Sun family in Wu eventually led by Sun Quan. The book deals with the plots, personal and army battles, intrigues, and struggles of these families to achieve dominance for almost 100 yrs. This book also gives you a sense of the way the Chinese view their history: cyclical rather than linear (as in the West). The first and last lines of the book sum this view up best: 'The empire long united must divide...' and 'The empire long divided must unite...' If you are at least a little interested in Chinese history (ancient or modern) and culture this book is a must read."

这不知道行不行？！

三单元所有重点内容书上和一定的重点家长检疫苗姐的课都