【1】1³=1
2³=(1+1)³=1+3+3+1
3³=(1+2)³=1+3×2²+3×2+2³
...
(1+n)³=1+3×n²+3×n+n³
两边相加
2³+3³+...+n³+(1+n)³=n+3(1+2²+...+n²)+3(1+2+...+n)+1+2³+3³+...+n³
整理得:
S=n(n+1)*(2n+1)/6
【2】设S=13+23+33+…+n3……………………………………………………….(1)
有S=n3+(n-1)3+(n-2)3+…+13……………………………………………...(2)
由(1)+ (2)得:2S=n3+13+(n-1)3+23+(n-2)3+33+…+n3+13
=(n+1)(n2-n+1)
+
(n+1)[(n-1)2-2(n-1)+22)
+
(n+1)[(n-2)2-3(n-2)+32)
+
.
.
.
+
(n+1)(12-n(n-n+1)(n-n+1+ n2)
即2S=( n+1)[2(12+22+32+…+n2)-n-2(n-1) -3(n-2)-…-n (n-n+1)] ………………...(3)
由12+22+32+…+n2=n(n+1)(2n+1)/ 6代入(2)得:
2S=(n+1)[2n(n+ 1)(2n+1)/6-n-2n-3n-…nn+2×1+3×2+…+n(n-1)]
=(n+1)[2n(n+1)(2n+1)/6-n(1+2+3+…n)+(1+1)×1+(2+1)×2+…+(n-1+1)(n-1)]
=(n+1)[2n(n+1)(2n+1)/6-n2 (1+n)/2+12+1+22+2+…+(n-1)2+ (n-1)]
=(n+1)[2n(n+1)(2n+1)/6-n2(1+n)/2+12+22+…+(n-1)2+1 +2+…+ (n-1)] ……...(4)
由12+22+…+(n-1)2= n(n+1)(2n+1)/6-n 2,1+2+…+(n-1)=n(n-1)/2代入(4)得:
2S=(n+1)[3n(n+1)(2n+1)/6-n2+n(n-1)/2
=n2(n+1)2/2
即S=13+23+33+…+n3= n2(n+1)2/4 望你采纳