麦克斯统一了电磁学,为什么总觉得他低了牛顿,爱因斯坦一等?
推荐回答(5个)
物理学研究世间万物,其中就有电学和磁学,电和磁与人类社会的发展息息相关,比如我们使用的电能、电磁波、微电子产品等等,而恰恰是麦克斯韦统一了电和磁。麦克斯韦建立的电磁场理论,将电学、磁学、光学统一起来,被誉为是19世纪物理学发展的最光辉的成果,也是科学史上最伟大的综合之一。
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毫无疑问麦克斯韦方程是19世纪最伟大的综合方程之一,麦克斯韦也是从这套方程组里面推出了电磁波,大家肯定都知道电磁波的作用,电磁波的发现让人类社会进入了无线电时代,这些都说明了麦克斯韦对整个社会的贡献。
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但是牛顿作是物理学的第一个探索者,他的伟大著作《自然哲学的数学原理》开创了出了物理学,为后来的物理学发展奠定了基础;爱因斯坦而又把狭义相对论推广为广义相对论,把引力场的局部用加速运动的惯性系代替完成了广义相对论场方程的推导,形成了狭义相对论的基础,统一了混合的时空观。
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事实上,如果我们经常参观学校,我们真的可以看到麦克斯韦的肖像。但即便如此,麦克斯韦的名声远不如牛顿和爱因斯坦。出于各种原因,我认为这与学生时代的知识结构有关。我们了解牛顿是因为我们在初中和高中接触过物理,而牛顿力学是核心,也是学生的主要学习内容。
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虽然我们也将学习一些电磁理论,但是如果我们仔细观察,我们会发现我们所学的所有电磁理论都已经简化了。所谓的阿贝定律、欧姆定律、楞次定律等等,与麦克斯韦方程没有联系。因此,你很难感觉到麦克斯韦方程是如何统一电磁学的。
事实上,初中和高中的这些电磁理论都是在一定的假设下获得的,只是麦克斯韦方程理论的一部分。如果学生真的被允许学习麦克斯韦方程,估计失败率肯定是无法控制的。因此,当我们在高中物理课上的时候,我们永远不会接触到麦克斯韦,我们也永远不会知道他有多好。
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尽管许多人不理解相对论,但它的名气远远大于麦克斯韦方程。平时谈论相对论和量子力学会让人觉得你特别博学,但是你见过谁和你说,让我们来谈谈麦克斯韦方程?
此外,相对论中的质量-能量方程和量子力学中的薛定谔猫如今都已成为流行的用法。因此,这两种理论也成为人们熟悉的理论。
![](/picurl?url=https%3A%2F%2Fiknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com%2F5bafa40f4bfbfbeda5edd51177f0f736afc31f23%3Fx-bce-process%3Dimage%252Fresize%252Cm_lfit%252Cw_600%252Ch_800%252Climit_1%252Fquality%252Cq_85%252Fformat%252Cf_auto)
基于这两点,不熟悉和缺乏人气使得麦克斯韦远不如牛顿和爱因斯坦那样受普通人的关注,也让人们觉得他的学术地位远不如牛顿和爱因斯坦。但是我们客观地说,他实际上可以与牛顿和爱因斯坦平等地存在。
其实在科学理论里边的话是不分组词和高低的,他们都是做出杰出贡献的伟大人物。
这个可能是因为牛顿爱因斯坦发明的比较早,影响力比较大。
我并不认为麦克斯比牛顿爱因斯坦低一等,我认为他也很厉害。
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