x+y=4,则(x+y)²=4²=16=x²+2xy+y²
因为x²+y²=20
所以2xy=(x+y)²-(x²+y²)=16-20=-4
则(x-y)²=x²-2xy+y²=20-(-4)=24
所以x-y=2√6或-2√6
联立x+y=4,x-y=±2√6
解得x=2+√6,y=2-√6或x=2-√6,y=2+√6
x+y=4......(1)
x^2+y^2=20......(2)
(1)^2-(2)得:
(x+y)^2-(x^2+y^2)=4^2-20
2xy=-4
xy=-2......(3)
(x-y)^2=x^2+y^2-2xy=20-2*(-2)=24
x-y=±2根号6......(4)
(1)+(4):
2x=4±2根号6
x1=2-根号6
x2=2+根号6
代回(1):
y1=4-x1=2+根号6
y2=4-x2=2-根号6
(x+y)^2=x^2+y^2+2xy
4^2=20+2xy
2xy=-4
xy=-2
(x-y)^2=(x+y)^2-4xy
=4^2-4*(-2)
=16+8
=24
x-y=±2√6
当x-y=2√6时
x+y=4
两式相加得
2x=2√6+4
x=√6+2
两式相减得
2y=4-2√6
y=2-√6
当x-y=-2√6时
x+y=4
两式相加得
2x=4-2√6
x=2-√6
两式相减得
2y=4+2√6
y=2+√6
由x+y=4,得x²+2xy+y²=16
又x²+y²=20,所以2xy=-4
(x-y)²=x²-2xy+y²=20-(-4)=24
所以x-y=±2√6
(x+y)^2=16
(x+y)^2-(x^2+y^2)=-4
2xy=-4
(x^2+y^2-2xy)=20
(x-y)^2=20
x-y=2√5
x+y=4
x=2+√5
y=2-√5