怎么把主动语态变成被动语态

主动语态变为被动语态的方法

将主动语态变为被动语态的方法可分为三步：

第一步是把主动句的宾语变成被动句的主语；

第二步是把主动句的谓语变成“be+过去分词”，be时态要与原句保持一致；

第三步是把主动句的主语变为by的宾语，放在被动句的谓语之后，by短语可以省略。

如：

Mary broke the cup. 玛丽打破了杯子。

The cup was broken by Mary. 杯子是玛丽打破的。

扩展资料：

被动语态的口诀：

一般现在时、一般过去时用be +及物动词的.过去分词，be有人称、时、数变。

完成时态have（has）done，被动将been加中间。

一般将来shall（will）do，被动变do为be done。

将来进行无被动，shall（will）be doing。

现在完成时，被动 have（has）been done。

现、过进行be doing，被动be加being done。

情、助、有、是妥安排，一律随新主语变。

否定助后加not，疑问一助置主前。

主语恰是疑问词，直陈语序主在前。

一般情助加be done，双宾多将间宾变。

复合宾语宾变主，宾补、主补相应变。

一、主动语态变为被动语态的方法
将主动语态变为被动语态的方法可分为三步：
第一步是把主动句的宾语变成被动句的主语；
第二步是把主动句的谓语变成“be+过去分词”，be时态要与原句保持一致；
第三步是把主动句的主语变为by的宾语，放在被动句的谓语之后，by短语可以省略。
如：
Mary broke the cup. 玛丽打破了杯子。
→The cup was broken by Mary. 杯子是玛丽打破的。

二、双宾语动词如何变被动语态
如果一个动词带有双宾语，在变为被动语态时，可将其中的一个宾语变为主语，另一个不动，但通常是将间接宾语为主语。如：
He gave me a book yesterday. 昨天他给了我一本书。
→I was given a book by him yesterday. 昨天由他给了我一本书。
→A book was given (to) me by him yesterday. 昨天一本书由他给了我。
若把直接宾语（指物）改为主语，则通常要在间接宾语（指人）前加适当的介词。
按英语习惯，在bring, give, hand, lend, offer, pass, sell, show, take, tell等动词后通常用介词to来引出间接宾语，在build, buy, cook, cut, choose, do, fetch, find, fix, get, keep, make, order, paint, play, sing等动词后通常用介词for来引出间接宾语。如：
I bought her a dictionary. 我给她买了本词典。
→A dictionary was bought for her. 买了本词典给她。
由于某些动词与介词有习惯搭配，既不用to也不用for，而用别的介词。如：
People all over the world know the Great Wall. 世界上的人都知道长城。
→The Great Wall is known to people all over the world. 世界上的人都知道长城。
三、复合宾语动词变被动语态
如果一个动词后带的是复合宾语（宾语+宾补），若需将其变为被动句，其方法是：
把主动句中的宾语改为主语，而宾语补足语保留在谓语动词后面成为主语补足语。如：
They chose Tom captain. 他们选汤姆为队长。
→Tom was chosen captain. 汤姆被选为队长。
I found him lying on the floor. 我发现他躺在地板上。
→He was found lying on the floor. 他被发现躺在地板上。
注意，在主动语态中，用于动词see, watch, hear, notice, listen to, look at, make, feel等后作宾语补足语的动词不定式都不带to，但改成被动语态后要加上to。如：
People saw him enter the building. 人们看见他走进大楼。
→He was seen to enter the building. 有人看见他走进大楼。

主动语态变为被动语态的方法
将主动语态变为被动语态的方法可分为三步：
第一步是把主动句的宾语变成被动句的主语；
第二步是把主动句的谓语变成“be+过去分词”，be时态要与原句保持一致；
第三步是把主动句的主语变为by的宾语，放在被动句的谓语之后，by短语可以省略。
如：
Mary broke the cup. 玛丽打破了杯子。
The cup was broken by Mary. 杯子是玛丽打破的。
扩展资料：
被动语态的口诀：
一般现在时、一般过去时用be +及物动词的.过去分词，be有人称、时、数变。
完成时态have（has）done，被动将been加中间。
一般将来shall（will）do，被动变do为be done。
将来进行无被动，shall（will）be doing。
现在完成时，被动 have（has）been done。
现、过进行be doing，被动be加being done。
情、助、有、是妥安排，一律随新主语变。
否定助后加not，疑问一助置主前。
主语恰是疑问词，直陈语序主在前。
一般情助加be done，双宾多将间宾变。
复合宾语宾变主，宾补、主补相应变

英语中及物动词有两种语态，即主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be有人称、时态和数的变化。

一、 被动语态的用法：

1. 一般现在时的被动语态构成：is / am / are + 及物动词的过去分词

Our classroom is cleaned everyday.

I am asked to study hard.

Knives are used for cutting things.

2. 一般过去时的被动语态构成：was / were + 及物动词的过去分词

A new shop was built last year.

Dinosaur eggs were laid long long ago.

3. 现在完成时的被动语态构成：has / have + been + 及物动词的过去分词

This book has been translated into many languages.

Many man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries.

4. 一般将来时的被动语态构成：will+ be + 及物动词的过去分词

A new hospital will be built in our city.

Many more trees will be planted next year.

5. 含有情态动词的被动语态构成：情态动词+ be + 及物动词的过去分词

Young trees must be watered often.

Your mistakes should be corrected right now.

The door may be locked inside.

Your homework can be handed in tomorrow.

6. 现在进行时的被动语态构成：am / is / are + being + 及物动词的过去分词

Uncle Wang is mending my bike now.→

My bike is being repaired by Tom now.

They are planting trees over there. →

Trees are being planted over there by them.

7. 不定式的被动语态：to + be + 及物动词的过去分词

There are two books to be read. →

There are twenty more trees to be planted.

二、 怎样把主动语态改成被动语态?

把主动语态改为被动语态非常简单，可以遵循以下几个步骤：

1. 先找出谓语动词；

2. 再找出谓语动词后的宾语；

3. 把宾语用作被动语态中的主语；

4. 注意人称、时态和数的变化。

例：1. Bruce writes a letter every week. →A letter is written by Bruce every week.

2. Li Lei mended the broken bike this morning.→The broken bike was mended by Li Lei this morning.

3. He has written two novels so far.→Two novels have been written by him so far.

4. They will plant ten trees tomorrow.→Ten trees will be planted by them tomorrow.

5. Lucy is writing a letter now.→A letter is being written by Lucy now.

6. You must lock the door when you leave.→the door must be locked when you leave.

三、 使用被动语态应注意的几个问题：

1. 不及物动词无被动语态。

What will happen in 100 years.

The dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago.

2. 有些动词用主动形式表示被动意义。

This pen writes well.

This new book sells well.

3. 感官动词或使役动词使用省略to的动词不定式，主动语态中不带to ，但变为被动语态时，须加上to 。

例：make somebody do something→somebody+ be +made to do something

see somebody do something→somebody +be +seen to do something

A girl saw my wallet drop when she passed by.→My wallet was seen to drop by a girl when she passed by.

The boss made the little boy do heavy work.→The little boy was made to do heavy work by the boss.

4. 如果是接双宾语的动词改为被动语态时，直接宾语(物)作主语，那么动词后要用介词，这个介词是由与其搭配的动词决定。

He gave me a book.→A book was given to me by him.

He showed me a ticket.→A ticket was shown to me by him.

My father bought me a new bike. →A new bike was bought for me by my father.

5. 一些动词短语用于被动语态时，动词短语应当看作一个整体，而不能丢掉其中的介词或副词。

We can’t laugh him. →He can’t be laugh by us.

He listens to the radio every day. →The radio is listened to by him every day.

The nurse is taking care of the sick man. →The sick man is being taken care of by the nurse.

被动语态：主语+助动词+过去分词