推荐回答(2个)
拉二胡是指法与弓法的配合。以15弦为例,二胡的1234567拉法如下:
不按琴弦,琴弓拉内空弦为1音。
食指按弦,琴弓拉内弦为2音。
中指按弦,琴弓拉内弦为3音。
无名指按弦,琴弓拉内弦为4音。
不按琴弦,琴弓拉外空弦为5音。
食指按弦,琴弓拉外弦为6音。
中指按弦,琴弓拉外弦为7音。
无名指按弦,琴弓拉外弦为1(高)音。
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扩展资料:
二胡的特点
1、二胡发音的好坏不仅仅取决于琴马,它与琴筒的木质好坏、皮膜的薄厚、松紧、天气的阴晴、空气的潮湿、干燥、冷暖均有直接关系。
2、二胡形制为琴筒木制,筒一端蒙以蟒皮,张两根金属弦,定弦内外弦相隔纯五度,一般为内弦定d1,外弦定a1,其演奏手法十分丰富,左手有揉弦(吟音)、泛音、颤音、滑音、拨弦等;右手有连弓、分弓、顿弓、跳弓、颤弓、飞弓、拨奏等。
3、二胡的琴筒通过弓的推拉运动,擦弦后振动琴皮发音的共鸣体。琴筒的质地和形状对音量和音质有直接影响。一般用紫檀木或红木制作。形状有六角形、八角形、圆形、前八角后圆形等,常用的是六角形。
在二胡的内外两条弦上拉奏出1234567音阶除了要掌握好运弓的技巧、换弦的技巧,还要熟练地运指,熟记音位,特别是要有很好的音准概念。因为二胡不是固定音高乐器,每一个音的发出都要靠演奏者手指按弦控制。手指按弦的位置、力度的细微变化都会影响音高的准确性。而左手运弓、换弦的技巧也会影响音乐旋律的音质、音色、音的连贯、圆润、跳跃等。因此需要双手很好地配合。 其次,不同调(不同弦位)的1234567的位置是不一样的。 二胡标准定弦内弦为D,外弦为G,在标准定弦的情况下,采用不同的弦法,可以演奏出若干种不同的调,而不同的调的音阶(1234567)排列是不一样的。在标准定弦的情况下,常用的调及其相应的弦法有:1=D(1、5弦)、1=G(5、2弦)、1=F(6、3弦)、1=bB(3、7弦)、1=C(2、6弦)、1=A(4、1弦)等,具体各调的弦位(1234567的位置)请见下图:
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