英语的音标

20个元音
[p][b][m][w][h][i:][i][t][d][n][j][r][E:][E][k][g]
[N][l][C:][C][f][v][u:][u][s][z][B:][Q][W][T][e[A]
[F][V][ai][ei][Ci][tF][dV][iE][ZE][uE][tr][dr][Eu]
[au][ts][dz]
48个国际音标表
元音
12个单元音
长元音
[i:][E:][C:][u:][B:]
短元音
[i][E][C][u][Q][e][A]
8个双元音[ai][ei][Ci][iE][ZE][uE][Eu][au]
辅音
10对
清辅音
[p][t][k][f][s][W][F][tF][tr][ts]
浊辅音
[b][d][g][v][z][T][V][dV][dr][dz]
3个鼻音
[m][n][N]
3个似拼音
[h][r][l]
2个半元音
[w][j] 英语单词发音规则

一、元音字母在重读音节中的读音

元音字母 读 音 例 词
a 在开音节中 [ei] name plane Jane baby cake
在闭音节中 [æ] bag dad hat map black back
e 在开音节中 [i:] he these me Chinese
在闭音节中 [e] bed let pen desk yes egg
i 在开音节中 [ai] bike fly drive time nice kite
在闭音节中 fish big drink sit milk swim
o 在开音节中 [ou] those close go hoe home no
在闭音节中 [C] clock not box shop sock
u 在开音节中 [ju:] student excuse duty Tuesday
在闭音节中 [∧] bus cup jump much lunch
在开音节中，元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时读[u:]音，例如：June blue ruler super

二、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音

元音字母 读 音 例 词
a在[w]音后面 [C] want what watch wash quality
a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前 [α:] after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father
i在-nd -ld和gh前 [ai] find child light high
o在-st -ld前 [ou] most postcard old cold
o在m n v th前 [∧] come monkey love mother

三、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音

元音字母 读 音 例 词
a [E]E China another woman breakfast
orange comrade village cabbage
e [E] hundred student open weekend
chicken pocket begin children
i [E]/ holiday beautiful family animal
[ai] exercise satellite
o [E] second tonight somebody welcome
[Eu] also zero photo
u [E] autumn difficult
[ju:] popular congratulation January
动词中的a如果处在开音节位置，a读[ei]音，例如：operate
u处在开音节位置，又在辅音字母j l r s后面时，读[u(:)]音，例如：July influence February issue
在非重读音节中，许多单词中的元音字母a e i 即可以读作[E]音，也可以读作音。

四、-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音

元音字组 读 音 例 词
arar在[w]音后面 [α:] car farm dark sharpener
[C:] warm quarter towards
oror在[w]音后面 [C:] forty morning short
[E:] word worker worse
er ir ur [E:] certainly bird Thursday
辅音字母r双写时，前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音。例如： carry sorry hurry
-r音节在非重读音节中通常读[E]音，例如：dollar teacher martyr forget Saturday

五、-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音

元音字组 读 音 例 词
are [εE] care dare hare
ere [iE] here mere
ire [aiE] fire hire wire
ore [C:] more score before
ure [juE] pure cure
are ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中，ure在非重读音节中读[E]音，例如：picture pleasure
重读元音字母加Rr，再加非重读元字组时，重读元音字母应按-re音节拼读规则拼读，字母Rr读[r]音。例如：parent zero story during inspiring
某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象。例如：orange very American paragraph

六、元音字组在重读音节中的读音

元音字组 读 音 例 词
ai/ay [ei] afraid rain wait day play
air [εE] air hair chair pair repair
alal在f m前 [C] small ball talk wall all
[C:l] always also salt almost
[α:] half calm
au/aw [C:] autumn daughter draw
ea [i:] teach easy cheap please
[e] heavy bread sweater weather
[ei] break great
ear [iE] hear dear near clear year
[εE] bear pear wear swear
[E:] earth learn early
ee [i:] jeep week green three
eer [iE] pioneer deer beer
ei/ey [ei] eight neighbour they
[i:] either key
eu/ew在j l r s后 [ju:] new few newspaper
[u:] flew brew jewelry
ie/ei[s]音之后 [i:] piece field receive
oa [ou] coat Joan boat goal
oar/oor [C:] roar board door floor
oi/oy [Ci] noise point boy toilet
oo [u:] broom food tooth school
book look cook foot good
ou/ow [au] flower house count down
[ou] know row throw though
[∧] young country enough
[u:] group you soup
our [C:] course your four
[auE] our hour ours
[E:] journey
ui在j l r s后 [ju:i] fluid suicide tuition
[u:] juice fruit suit

七、非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音

元音字组或字群 读 音 例 词
ai/ay ei/ey Sunday foreign monkey
ow [ou] yellow sparrow tomorrow
元音字组在非重读音节中读[E]音或。例如:neighbour serious famous biscuit coffee
-sion -tion [Fn] impression nation
-sion在元音字母后 [Vn] vision decision occasion
-tion在s后 [tFEn] question suggestion
-sten [sn] listen
-stle [sl] whistle
-sure [VE] pleasure measure
-ture [tFE] picture culture

八、元字组在复合词非重读音节中的读音

复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号，但其中的元音字母或元音字组仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读。例如： everyday[ei] handbag[æ] blackboard[C:]
有些词随着语言的发展，前后两部分已失去其单独存在的意义，融合成为一个词。其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音。例如： sun太阳 + day[ei]日子 ＞ Sunday 星期天 holy神圣 + day[ei]日子 ＞ holiday 假日 break中断 + fast[α:]斋戒 ＞ breakfast[E] 早餐 cup茶杯 + board木板[C:] ＞ cupboard[E] 碗柜

九、辅字组的读音

辅字组 读 音 例 词
b bike bus bag
[/] bomb tomb
cc在e前或在i/y前 [k] cake picture coat music
[s] face decide cinema
ch [tF] much chick rich teacher
[k] school headache chemistry
[F] machine
-ck [k] cock pocket black knock
d [d] doctor bread hand day
-dge [dV] bridge fridge
dr- [dr] children driver drink
f [f] five four breakfast
gg在e i/y前 [^] bag garden go
[dV] orange large German
gh [f] cough enough
[/] light daughter high
gu- -guegu在非重读音节中 [^] guess league dialogue
[^w] language anguish
h [h] hot head house hand
[/] hour honest
j [dV] jeep jar joke join July
k [k] kind bike skate make week
kn- [n] knife know knock
l [l] life milk school tall
m [m] monkey come autumn
-mn [m] autumn column solemn
nn在[k] [g]音前 [n] not shine ten note
[N] uncle thank hungry
-ng [N] morning young wrong
p [p] paper plane pig ship pen
ph [f] elephant photo telephone
q [k] Iraq
qu- [kw] quality quite
r [r] red rubber ruler
s在词首或清辅音前元音字母间或浊辅音前 [s] sit sleep desk
[z] music husband
sc- [sk] scarlet
[s] muscle science
sh [F] she fish shirt wash
t在通常情况下在弱读字母ia ie io前 [t] ten letter meet
[F] patient nation
tch [tF] watch
th在通常情况下在冠词 代词 介词 连词中在词尾-the -ther中 [θ] thin thirty method
[T] the these with than
[T] clothe fathe r weather
tr- [tr] tree train country truck
v [v] very voice love leave
w [w] week win wake sweet wait
[/] Answer two
wh-wh-在字母o前 [w] what when white why
[h] who whose whole
x在重读元音前 [ks] box text exercise
[gz] example exist exact
wr- [r] write
y- [j] yes yard yellow young
z [z] puzzle zero zoo英语语音名词解释
1．音节 以元音为主体构成的发音单位，一般说来元音发音响亮，可以构成音节，辅音发音不响亮，不能单独构成音节（[m] [n] [] [l]例外）。从单词拼写形式上看，有几个元字组就有几个音节。 0-01
2．音节的划分 ①在两个音节的相邻处有两个辅字组时，一个辅字组属于前面的音节，一个属于后面的音节。
例如：let-ter mem-ber chil-dren daugh-ter
②在两个音节的相邻处只有一个辅字组时，如果前面音节里的元音是长元音则辅字组属于后面一个音节，如果前面一个音节里的元音是短元音，则辅字组属于前面一个音节。
例如：长元音 pa-per stu-dent fa-ther ze-ro mo-tor far-ther
短元音 sev-en stud-y moth-er ver-y mod-le weath-er 0-02
3．重读音节 单词中读音特别响亮的音节。用音标标记双音节、多音节词的读音时，应使用重读符号。单音节词多数是重读音节，标记读音时不需要使用重读符号。 0-03
4．开音节 ①绝对开音节：单个元音字母后面没有辅字组的重读音节。例如：no blue ba-by stu-dent se-cret.
②相对开音节：单个元音字母后面加单个辅音字母，再加一个不发音字母e构成的重读音节。例如：name these bike home ex-cuse. 0-04
5．闭音节 单个元音字母后面有辅字组（r w y 除外）且以辅字组结尾的重读音节。例如：bag egg fish not cup 0-05
6．双音节词重读规则 双音节词的第一个音节通常是重读音节。
例如：´stu-dent ´Chi-na ´sec-ond ´au-tumn in-´deed
含有a- be- de- re- in- ex- 等前缀的双音节词往往是在第二个音节上重读。双音节词的重读位置不会因增加前缀或后缀而发生改变。例如：
a´bout be´fore ex´cuse re´pair for-´get-ful in-´ven-tor 0-06
7．多音节词重读规则 多音节词通常在倒数第三个音节重读。
例如：´el-e-phant con-grat-u-´la-tion
词尾有-ic或-tion,-sion的词，在-ic或-sion,-tion前的一个音节上重读。例如：scien´tific im´pression ´nation

一、元音字母在重读音节中的读音
元音字母 读 音 例 词 编 号
a 在开音节中 [ei] name plane Jane baby cake 1-01
在闭音节中 [æ] bag dad hat map black back 1-02
e 在开音节中 [i:] he these me Chinese 1-03
在闭音节中 [e] bed let pen desk yes egg 1-04
i 在开音节中 [ai] bike fly drive time nice kite 1-05
在闭音节中 [i] fish big drink sit milk swim 1-06
o 在开音节中 [u] those close go hoe home no 1-07
在闭音节中 [] clock not box shop sock 1-08
u 在开音节中 [ju:] student excuse duty Tuesday 1-09
在闭音节中 [] bus cup jump much lunch 1-10
在开音节中，元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时读[u:]音，例如：June blue ruler super 1-11

二、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音
元音字母 读 音 例 词 编 号
a [] China another woman breakfast 2-01
[i] orange comrade village cabbage 2-02
e [] hundred student open moment 2-03
[i] chicken pocket begin children 2-04
i []/[i] holiday beautiful family animal 2-05
[ai] exercise satellite 2-06
o [] second tonight somebody welcome 2-07
[u] also zero photo 2-08
u [] autumn difficult 2-09
[ju(:)] popular congratulation January 2-10
动词中的a如果处在开音节位置，a读[ei]音，例如：operate 2-11
u处在开音节位置，又在辅音字母j l r s后面时，读[u(:)]音，例如：July influence February issue 2-12

在非重读音节中，许多单词中的元音字母a e i 即可以读作[]音，也可以读作[i]音。

三、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音
元音字母
读 音
例 词
编 号

a在[w]音后面
[]
want what watch wash quality
3-01

a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前
[α:]
after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father
3-02

i在-nd -ld和gh前
[ai]
find child light high
3-03

o在-st -ld前
[ou]
most postcard old cold
3-04

o在m n v th前
[]
come monkey love mother
3-05

四、-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音
元音字组 读 音 例 词 编 号
ar
ar在[w]音后面 [α:] car farm dark sharpener 4-01
[:] warm quarter towards 4-02
or
or在[w]音后面 [:] forty morning short 4-03
[:] word worker worse 4-04
er ir ur [:] certainly bird Thursday 4-05
辅音字母r双写时，前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音。例如： carry berry mirror sorry hurry
4-06
-r音节元音字组在非重读音节中通常读[]音，例如：dollar teacher martyr comfort Saturday

五、-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音
元音字组 读 音 例 词 编 号
are [ε] care dare hare 5-01
ere [i] here mere 5-02
ire [ai] fire hire wire 5-03
ore [:] more score before 5-04
ure [ju] pure cure 5-05
完整的-re音节are ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中，ure在非重读音节中读[]音，例如：picture pleasure
非重读音节中-re音节的变体通常发[r]音，例如：salary 5-06
重读音节中元音字母加r，再加非重读元字组时，元音字母和r构成-re音节的变体，按-re音节拼读规则拼读，字母r读[r]音。
例如：parent zero inspiring story during
5-07
某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象。
例如：orange very American paragraph forest spirit 5-08

六、元音字组在重读音节中的读音
元音字组 读 音 例 词 编 号
ai/ay [ei] afraid rain wait day play 6-01
air [ε] air hair chair pair repair 6-02
al

al在f m前
[:] small ball talk wall all 6-03
[:l] always also salt almost 6-04
[α:] half calm 6-05
au/aw [:] autumn daughter draw 6-06
ea [i:] teach easy cheap please 6-07
[e] heavy bread sweater weather 6-08
[ei] break great 6-09
ear [i] hear dear near clear year 6-10
[ε] bear pear wear swear 6-11
[:] earth learn early 6-12
ee [i:] jeep week green three 6-13
eer [i] pioneer deer beer 6-14
ei/ey [ei] eight neighbour they 6-15
eu/ew
在 j l r 后 [ju:] new few newspaper 6-16
[u:] flew brew jewelry 6-17
ie/[s]音后拼写为ei [i:] piece field receive seize 6-18
oa [ou] coat Joan boat goal 6-19
oar/oor [:] roar board door floor 6-20
oi/oy [i] noise point boy toilet 6-21
oo [u:] broom food tooth school 6-22
[u] book look cook foot good 6-23
ou/ow [au] flower house count down 6-24
[u] know row throw though 6-25
[] young country enough 6-26
[u:] group you soup through 6-27
our [:] course your four 6-28
[au] our hour ours 6-29
[:] journey 6-30
ui
ui 在j l r s后 [ju:i] fluid suicide tuition 6-31
[u:] juice fruit suit 6-32

九、辅字组的读音
辅字组 读 音 例 词 编 号
b [b] bike bus bag 9-01
[/] bomb tomb lamb climb 9-02
c
c在e前或在i/y前 [k] cake picture coat music 9-03
[s] face decide cinema 9-04
ch [] much chick rich teacher 9-05
[k] school headache chemistry 9-06
[] machine Chicago
9-07
-ck [k] cock pocket black knock 9-08
d [d] doctor bread hand day 9-09
-dge [] bridge fridge 9-10
dr- [dr] children driver drink 9-11
f [f] five four breakfast 9-12
g
g在e i/y前 [] bag gardon go 9-13
[] orange large German 9-14
-gh
gh- [f] cough enough rough 9-15
[] sorghum spaghetti ghost 9-16
gu- -gue [] guess league dialogue guitar 9-17
[w] language anguish penguin 9-18
h [h] hot head house hand 9-19
[/] hour honest honor 9-20
j [] jeep jar joke join July 9-21
k [k] kind bike skate make week 9-22
kn- [n] knife know knock 9-23
l [l] life milk school tall 9-24
m [m] monkey come tomato 9-25
-mn [m] autumn column solemn 9-26
n
n在[k] [g]音前 [n] not shine ten note 9-27
[?] uncle thank hungry 9-28
-ng [?] morning young wrong 9-29
p [p] paper plane pig ship pen 9-30
ph [f] elephant photo telephone 9-31
-q/-que [k] Iraq cheque 9-32
qu- [kw] quality quite quarter 9-33
r [r] red rubber ruler 9-34
s在音节开头或清辅音前
在元音字母间或浊辅音前 [s] sit sleep desk 9-35
[z] music husband 9-36
sc- [sk] scarlet scout Scotland 9-37
[s] muscle science 9-38
sh [] she fish shirt wash 9-39
t在通常情况下
在弱读字母ia ie io前 [t] ten letter meet 9-40
[] patient nation 9-41
tch
[] watch catch match 9-42
th在通常情况下
在冠词 代词 介词 连词中
在词尾-the -ther中
[θ] thin thirty method 9-43
[ð] the these with than 9-44
[ð] clothe father weather 9-45
tr- [tr] tree train country truck 9-46
v [v] very voice love leave 9-47
w [w] week win wake sweet wait 9-48
[/] answer two 9-49
wh-
wh-在字母o前 [w] what when white why 9-50
[h] who whose whole 9-51
x
在重读元音前 [ks] box text exercise 9-52
[gz] example exist exact 9-53
wr- [r] write wrong wrist 9-54
y- [j] yes yard yellow young 9-55
z [z] puzzle zero zoo 9-56英语26个字母发音法（26个字母及其音标）
A B C D E F G
[e] [bi] [si] [di] [i] [Gf] [dIi]

H I J K L M N
[etN] [a0] [dIe] [ke] [Gl] [Gm] [Gn]

O P Q R S T U
[o] [pi] [kju] [Ar] [Gs] [ti] [ju]

V W X Y Z
[vi] ['dKblju] [Gks] [wa0] [zi]

英语学习：48个国际音标表

用对称法排序
20个辅音
3个鼻音
2个半元音
3个似拼音
20个元音
[p][b][m][w][h][i:][i][t][d][n][j][r][E:][E][k][g]
[N][l][C:][C][f][v][u:][u][s][z][B:][Q][W][T][e[A]
[F][V][ai][ei][Ci][tF][dV][iE][ZE][uE][tr][dr][Eu]
[au][ts][dz]
48个国际音标表
元音
12个单元音
长元音
[i:][E:][C:][u:][B:]
短元音
[i][E][C][u][Q][e][A]
8个双元音[ai][ei][Ci][iE][ZE][uE][Eu][au]
辅音
10对
清辅音
[p][t][k][f][s][W][F][tF][tr][ts]
浊辅音
[b][d][g][v][z][T][V][dV][dr][dz]
3个鼻音
[m][n][N]
3个似拼音
[h][r][l]
2个半元音
[w][j]

1、元音
（1）单元音：①／Q／／C／／E／／i／／u／／e／与汉语单韵母对照
②／a:／／C:／／E:／／i:／／u:／／A／
a o e i u ü
说明：先读汉语单韵母，并注意排序，再利用这个排序记英语单元音，易记。
（2）双元音：①／ai／／ei／／au／／Eu／（／ju：／）与汉语复韵母对照：ai ei ui ao ou iu
②／iE／／ZE／／uE／
③／Ci／
说明：根据汉语复韵母排序来记双元音第①组，英语中无ui；／au／与ao， ／Eu／与ou的写法不同；／ju：/是双元音。第②组的相同点是都带／E／，第③组只有一个，直接记就行了。
2、辅音
（1）辅音总数：／b／、／p／、／m／、／f／、／v／、／d／、／t／、／n／、／N／、／l／、／g／、／k／、／h／、／dV／、／tF／、／F／、／V／、／dz／、／ts／、／s／、／W／、 ／z／、／T／、／j／、／w／、／dr／、／tr／、／r／
与汉语拼音对照：b p m f d t n l g k h jq x zh ch sh r z s y w
说明：
①根据汉语声母排序来记英语辅音音标，汉语声母b、p、m、f、d、t、n、l、g、k、h 与英语辅音／b／、／p／、／m／、／f／、／d／、／t／、／n／、／l／、／g／、／k／、／h／基本一致；汉语声母j、q、x、zh、ch、sh、 r、z、c、s、w与英语音标／dz／、／ts／、／s／、／W／、／j／、／w／作比较；／dr／、／tr／、／r／单独记。
②汉语拼音b、p、m、f的发音比英语音标／b／、／p／、／m／、／f／多一个／E／音；j、q、x、z、c、s、r比英语音标／dF／、／tF／、／F／、／dz／、／ts／、／s／、／W／、／z／、／T／隔开一个／i／音。
（2）辅音的分类
分类一：
①清浊成对的：
清：／p／／t／／k／／f／／F／s／／W／／tF／／ts／／tr／
浊：／b／／d／／g／／v／／V／／z／／T／／dV／／dz／／dr／
说明：可用谐音记忆法记住清辅音这一组，即：婆特客，福西施，七尽垂
／p／／t／／k／／f／／F／／W／／tF／／ts／／tr／
可理解为：婆婆有位特殊的客人，她的名字叫福西施，人不仅美，而且高，有七尺高（“垂”理解为“高”）。
②单干户（即不成对的辅音）
／m／／n／／N／／l／
／r／／h／／j／／w／
记成：三个鼻音（／m／、／n／、／N／）、／l／、／r／和（即／h／）／j／、／w／
分类二：
（1）／p／／b／／t／／d／／g／／k／／f／
／v／／F／／V／／s／／z／／W／／T／／r／／h／
／tF／／dV／／ts／／dz／／tr／／dr／
记成：爆破、摩擦、破擦、前3对、中5对（添上／r／、／h／）、后3对
（2）／m／／n／／N／／l／／j／／w／
记成：三个鼻音，一个边音（l），两个半元音（／j／、／w／）
分类三：
（1）清辅音：／p／、／t／、／k／、／f／、／F／、／s／、／W／、／tF／、／ts／、／tr／，再加上／r／、／h／，合计12个。
（2）浊辅音：／b／、／d／、／g／、／v／、／V／、／z／、／T／、／dV／、／dz／、／dr／再加上／m／、／n／、／N／、／l／、／j／、／w／合计16个。