燃气锅炉热效率如何计算

燃气锅炉的热效率如何计算?公式?
2024-11-08 03:03:35
推荐回答(4个)
回答1:

单位时间内锅炉有效利用热量占锅炉输入热量的百分比,或相应于每千克燃料(固体和液体燃料),或每标准立方米(气体燃料)所对应的输入热量中有效利用热量所占百分比为锅炉热效率,是锅炉的重要技术经济指标,它表明锅炉设备的完善程度和运行管理水平。锅炉的热效率的测定和计算通常有以下两种方法:
1.正平衡法
  用被锅炉利用的热量与燃料所能放出的全部热量之比来计算热效率的方法叫正平衡法,又叫直接测量法。正平衡热效率的计算公式可用下式表示:
热效率=有效利用热量/燃料所能放出的全部热量*100%
=锅炉蒸发量*(蒸汽焓-给水焓)/燃料消耗量*燃料低位发热量*100%
式中 锅炉蒸发量——实际测定,kg/h;
   蒸汽焓——由表焓熵图查得,kJ/kg;
   给水焓——由焓熵图查得,kJ/kg;
   燃料消耗量——实际测出,kg/h;
   燃料低位发热量——实际测出,kJ/kg。
  上述热效率公式没有考虑蒸汽湿度、排污量及耗汽量的影响,适用于小型蒸汽锅炉热效率的粗略计算。
  从上述热效率计算公式可以看出,正平衡试验只能求出锅炉的热效率,而不能得出各项热损失。因此,通过正平衡试验只能了解锅炉的蒸发量大小和热效率的高低,不能找出原因,无法提出改进的措施。
  2.反平衡法
  通过测定和计算锅炉各项热量损失,以求得热效率的方法叫反平衡法,又叫间接测量法。此法有利于对锅炉进行全面的分析,找出影响热效率的各种因素,提出提高热效率的途径。反平衡热效率可用下列公式计算。
热效率=100%-各项热损失的百分比之和
=100%-q2-q3- q4- q5-q6
式中 q2——排烟热损失,%;
   q3——气体未完全燃烧热损失,%;
   q4——固体未完全燃烧热损失,%;
   q5——散热损失,%;
   q6——灰渣物理热损失,%。
大多时候采用反平衡计算,找出影响热效率的主因,予以解决。

回答2:

锅炉热效率是单位时间内锅炉有效利用热量占锅炉输入热量的百分比,对燃气锅炉则是每标准立方米(气体燃料)所对应的输入热量中有效利用热量所占百分比。
燃气锅炉的热效率计算;
Q1---------单位时间内锅炉对外供汽在炉内吸收热量的总焓
Q1=
单位时间内锅炉对外供汽总焓
-
同时间内锅炉给水的总焓
Q2-------
单位时间内消耗燃气产生热能的总焓
Q2
=
每立方米燃用气体完全燃烧放热总焓
*
单位时间内燃用气体总体积
锅炉的热效率
=
Q1/Q2
*
100%
注;以上说的单位时间指的是在计量汽,水,燃气同一单位时间段。

回答3:

锅炉出口蒸汽根据额定流量,额定温度,额定压力,按标准时间换算成热量,这就是一定时间内锅炉的输出,再除以同时间燃油的消耗量乘以油的单位低位热值的乘积(即锅炉的输入量),即为燃油锅炉的热效率。

回答4:

锅炉蒸发量与锅炉热效率
1吨/时(t/h)≈60×104千卡(大卡)/时(kcal/h)
≈0.7兆瓦(MW)

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