关于荷花的导游词,急急急急急急急急急急!!!!!!

2024-11-27 11:50:45
推荐回答(1个)
回答1:

  荷,又称莲,也叫芙蓉、菡萏、芙蕖、泽芝等。荷是我国栽培的历史悠久的植物,因其花朵艳丽,清香袭人,倍受人们的喜爱,历代文人墨客的咏荷之作不可胜数。
  几千年以前的我国第一部诗歌总集《诗经》中就有“灼灼芙蕖”、“菡萏盈渠”的优美诗句,这大概是荷之见诸诗文的最早记录。
  “江南可采莲,莲叶何田田!鱼戏莲叶间,鱼戏莲叶东,鱼戏莲叶西,鱼戏莲叶南,鱼戏莲叶北。”
  这是一首汉代乐府民歌,盈盈的碧水,绿绿的荷叶。采莲叶驾着轻捷的小船,在茂密的荷叶丛中往来穿梭。短短几句,展现了一幅景色秀美,风光怡人的江南莲乡图。
  采莲是江南的旧俗,似乎很早就有,诗歌中记载的也很多。曾有“诗家夫子”之称的王昌龄也写过《采莲曲》,描写采莲女在绿叶红花中一面歌唱,一面劳动的盛况:
  “荷叶罗裙一色栽,芙蓉向脸两边开。乱入池中看不见,闻歌始觉有人来。”
  南宋诗人杨万里的诗作《晓出净慈寺送林子方》,更是一首脍炙人口的咏荷佳作。
  “毕竟西湖六月中,风光不与四时同。接天莲叶无穷碧,映日荷花分外红。”
  读了此诗,令人对西湖的莲荷之胜油然而生向往之心。
  “清水出芙蓉,天然去雕饰”。荷,生长于污泥之中,却姿容素雅,气韵高洁,向来被人们称为气质高雅,品德正直的象征。屈原向往“制芰荷以为衣兮,集芙蓉以为裳”,甚至连住的房子也要“葺之兮荷盖”,表现了他伟大而高尚的人格。
  “予独爱莲之出淤泥而不染,濯清涟而不妖,中通外直,不蔓不枝,香远益清,亭亭净植,可远观而不可亵玩焉”。
  喜爱中国文学的人,恐怕没有不知道《爱莲说》这篇文章的。上面这段生动描写荷叶挺出水面,亭亭劲秀的风姿的文字,就出自于周敦颐的名篇《爱莲说》
  周敦颐是北宋道州人。他是封建理学的奠基人,其思想属唯心主义,给后世造成了不好的影响,长期禁锢了人们的思想发展。但他在《爱莲说》中描写的莲花出淤泥而不染的君子之态和高尚品格,却一直为后世景仰和推崇。如果不是这篇《爱莲说》,恐怕现在知道周敦颐这个名字的就寥寥无几,这也许就是人以文传吧!
  晚唐诗人陆龟蒙写的《白莲》诗,则另有一番情致和韵味。
  “素多蒙别艳欺,此花真合在瑶池。无情有恨何人觉,月晓风清欲堕时。”
  淡淡的涵咏诗意,眼前便浮现出这样一幅清幽的图画:月晓风清,一朵白莲欲堕末堕,孤傲地凌波独立,宛如白衣飘飘,玉洁冰清的瑶池仙子,纯洁得不带丝毫俗气。
  在这首诗里,花即是人,人即是花。诗人把白莲写得栩栩如生,倾注了自己不同流俗的高洁情怀。
  诗人咏荷,大都是以此抒发自己的情感,往往因作者的心境不一,而使作品呈现出不同的色彩,南宋诗人杨万里的“小荷才露尖尖角”,歌颂的是一种清新可爱,蓬勃向上的生命力,字里行间流露出一种淡淡的喜悦;而晚唐诗人李商隐的“留得枯荷听雨声”,字里行间流露的是一种淡淡的忧伤。秋夜无聊,闭目静心地倾听那淅淅沥沥的冷雨,轻轻地敲打在枯荷上,那种单调、凄清的声韵,别有一种无法言说的悲壮美。两者虽然同为咏荷佳句,却给人以不同的艺术享受。
  荷花因其姿容素雅,清秀可人,“有风既作飘摇之态,无风亦呈袅娜之姿”,观之可以使人清心去俗,尘念皆消。因此,观赏者络绎不绝。夏日观荷,清晨和月夜皆是绝妙之时。
  曙色欲晓,露冷风清,轻烟似的薄雾缭绕在荷塘里,清凉的晨风中混和着轻疏淡远的荷香。满塘碧绿的荷叶,有数枝小荷,自水面擎起尖尖的莲笔,更多的荷花怒放着,有的粉红似霞,有的洁白如雪,点缀于绿叶之中,雾气在荷叶上凝聚成一颗颗晶莹的水珠,在绿叶的衬托下,竟有了一种珍珠的质感。微风轻拂,一颗颗珍珠在荷叶上滚来滚去,聚散不定,十分有趣。有时几颗珍珠聚成一颗大珍珠,荷叶不堪负载,身躯一晃,颗颗珍珠滴落荷塘,“叮咚”有声,颇有“大珠小珠落玉盘”的情趣。朝阳升起,映在荷塘里,绿的叶,红的花,白的花,晶莹的水珠,浴在阳光下,折射出满塘的七彩斑斓
  月下的荷塘,又该有怎样的一番景致呢?
  “曲曲折折的荷塘上面,弥望的是甜甜的叶子。叶子出水很高,象亭亭的舞女的裙。层层的叶子中间,零星地点缀着些白花。有袅娜的开着的,有羞涩地打着朵儿的;正如一粒粒的明珠。又如碧天里的星星。微风过处,送来缕缕清香,仿佛远处高楼上渺茫的歌声似的。这时候叶子与花有一丝的颤动,象闪电般,霎时传过荷塘的那边去了。叶子本是肩并肩密密地挨着,这便宛然有了一道凝碧的波痕。
  月光如流水一般,静静地泻在这一片叶子和花上,薄薄的青雾浮在荷塘里。叶子和花仿佛在牛乳中洗过一样,又象笼着轻纱的梦。”
  朱自清的《荷塘月色》,有一种如诗如画的意境。在这篇文章里,作者运用生花妙笔,把月光下荷花和荷叶的色、香、态描写得淋漓尽致,惟妙惟肖,其状物之精美,至今无人能出其右。
  诗情荷韵汩汩流,千百年来,莲荷以其妙曼轻柔的姿容,一直给人以美的享受。周敦颐在《爱莲说》中把牡丹喻为花之富贵者,菊花喻为花之隐逸者,唯独把荷花喻为花之君子。荷花的这种气质高洁的品格,将永远给人以人生的启示。

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