右心衰的临床表现有哪些?

2025-04-05 07:02:07
推荐回答(4个)
回答1:

右心衰竭可由心血管系统任何结构或功能异常导致右心室充盈或射血功能受损所引起,是一种复杂的临床综合征。右心衰竭主要是右心室搏出功能障碍,见于肺心病、三尖瓣或肺动脉瓣的疾病,并常继发于左心衰竭。
就诊科室
心内科
常见发病部位
右心室
常见病因
右心室容量负荷或压力负荷过重、心肌缺血及梗死、心肌细胞病变、右心室流入受限、复杂先心病及心包疾病等
常见症状
食欲不振、腹胀、恶心、呕吐、便秘及上腹疼痛;肾功能减退,白天尿少,夜尿增多;肝区疼痛,呼吸困难
病因
右心室功能损害的主要病因有肺高压、先天性心脏病、冠状动脉疾病、左心衰、瓣膜性心脏病等。常见病因包括右心室容量负荷或压力负荷过重、心肌缺血及梗死、心肌细胞病变、右心室流入受限、复杂先天性心脏病及心包疾病等。
临床表现
1.胃肠道症状
长期胃肠道淤血,可引起食欲不振、腹胀、恶心、呕吐、便秘及上腹疼痛症状。
2.肾脏症状
肾脏淤血引起肾功能减退,白天尿少,夜尿增多。可有少量蛋白尿、少数透明或颗粒管型和红细胞。血尿素氮可升高。
3.肝区疼痛
肝淤血肿大,肝包膜被扩张,右上腹饱胀不适,肝区疼痛,重者可发生剧痛而误诊为急腹症等疾病。长期肝淤血的慢性心衰,可发生心源性肝硬化。
4.呼吸困难
单纯右心衰竭时通常不存在肺淤血,气喘没有左心衰竭明显。在左心衰竭基础上或二尖瓣狭窄发生右心衰竭时,因肺淤血减轻,故呼吸困难较左心衰竭时减轻。
检查
1.心电图
常可提示原发疾病。
2.X线检查
可显示右心室显著扩大。
3.超声心动图
可了解心脏的结构和功能、心瓣膜状况、是否存在心包病变、急性心肌梗死的机械并发症、室壁运动失调、左室射血分数。
4.实验室检查
血常规和血生化检查,如电解质、肾功能、血糖、白蛋白及高敏C反应蛋白。
5.心衰标示物
诊断心衰的公认的客观指标为B型利钠肽(BNP)和N末端B型利钠肽原(NT-proBNP)的浓度增高。
6.心肌坏死标示物
检测心肌受损的特异性和敏感性均较高的标示物是心肌肌钙蛋白T或I(CTnT或CTnI)。

回答2:

右心衰竭主要因体循环静脉淤血所致,表现为如下症状:
1、水肿:出现在小腿或足部的低垂部位,严重时出现胸腔积液,甚至心包积液;
2、消化道淤血:表现为食欲下降、腹胀、恶心、呕吐等症状;
3、劳力性呼吸困难;
4、颈静脉充盈;
5、肝淤血明显,肝脏肿大;
6、肝颈反流征阳性,此为右心衰患者因体循环淤血引起的特有体征。

回答3:

右心衰竭主要表现为体循环淤血为主的综合征。右心衰竭主要是右心室搏出功能障碍,见于肺心病、三尖瓣或肺动脉瓣的疾病,并常继发于左心衰竭。此时心输出量减少,体循环淤血,静脉压增高,常伴有下肢水肿,严重时可发生全身性水肿。应该抓紧治疗的。
1.胃肠道症状
长期胃肠道淤血,可引起食欲不振、腹胀、恶心、呕吐、便秘及上腹疼痛症状。
2.肾脏症状
肾脏淤血引起肾功能减退,白天尿少,夜尿增多。可有少量蛋白尿、少数透明或颗粒管型和红细胞。血尿素氮可升高。
3.肝区疼痛
肝淤血肿大,肝包膜被扩张,右上腹饱胀不适,肝区疼痛,重者可发生剧痛而误诊为急腹症等疾病。长期肝淤血的慢性心衰,可发生心源性肝硬化。
4.呼吸困难
单纯右心衰竭时通常不存在肺淤血,气喘没有左心衰竭明显。在左心衰竭基础上或二尖瓣狭窄发生右心衰竭时,因肺淤血减轻,故呼吸困难较左心衰竭时减轻。

回答4:

你好,⑴.消化道症状:胃肠道及肝脏淤血引起腹胀、食欲不振、恶心、呕吐等是右心衰最常见的症状;⑵.劳力性呼吸困难:继发于左心衰右心衰呼吸困难业已存在⑶.水肿:首先出现于身体最低垂的部位常为对称性可压陷性

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