推荐回答(1个)

观赏鱼
观赏鱼的养殖过程中,会遇到各种各样的疾病,其中不乏一些观赏鱼眼睛的疾病,而很多眼部疾病可造成观赏鱼失明或是死亡,所以了解观赏鱼实名的原因和治疗方法尤为重要。
一、最常见的应该是复口吸虫病,也就是常说的白内障或双穴吸虫病。吸虫的发育可大致分成几个阶段:毛蚴,胞蚴,尾蚴,囊蚴,成虫。毛蚴寄生在螺的体内,经过胞蚴的阶段变成许多尾蚴,尾蚴离开螺,进入水中,有合适的机会就进入鱼体内寄生。常见的有湖北双穴吸虫,倪氏双穴吸虫,匙形双血吸虫。它们的尾蚴分别为湖北尾蚴,倪氏尾蚴,匙形尾蚴。湖北尾蚴和匙形尾蚴经血液循环进入眼球,倪氏尾蚴经神经系统进入眼球。然后,尾蚴在眼的水晶体内经过一个月,发育为囊蚴。如果鸟吃了鱼,囊蚴就会在鸟的肠内发育成成虫。对鱼危害最大的就是尾蚴和囊蚴两个阶段。
尾蚴在鱼体内移动的过程中,会对鱼造成伤害,可以使小的鱼死亡。通过神经系统进入眼的尾蚴,会使神经系统甚至中枢神经受到伤害,使鱼出现机能上的障碍,失去平衡性,在水里乱游,甚至弯体。
如果鱼没死,尾蚴在鱼眼内发育成囊蚴,就会出现水晶体混浊,变成乳白色,成为白内障。有些的水晶体甚至脱落。一旦发现鱼得了这种白内障,基本上是没办法了。
在水族箱里,预防这种病最关键的就是要消灭缸里的螺,并且开缸时搞好水的消毒。作到这两点,应该就不会有白内障了。裸缸比较好解决,特别是草缸的朋友要多注意。
二、维生素B2(核黄素)缺乏,会引起单侧或双侧的眼的水晶体混浊,锰元素和钴元素的缺乏,同样引起白内障。

观赏鱼
三、其他的原虫,蠕虫等的寄生引起的瞎眼。其他的寄生虫的体外寄生,如果过于严重,同样可以引起瞎眼。比如小瓜虫,茎双血吸虫病(又称黑点病)大量寄生都可能引起瞎眼。我曾经见过被小瓜虫大量寄生的红剑,眼角膜上也寄生了大量的小瓜虫,瞎了一只眼。黑点病可以在鱼身上形成许多黑色的结节,包括眼角膜,可以引起瞎眼。
四、柱状曲挠杆菌,有些人称为柱状纤维粘杆菌或鱼害黏球菌。它是引起鱼的细菌性烂鳃病,白头白嘴病,穿孔病(有些认为是气单胞菌引起),白皮病(有些认为是假单胞菌引起)等的病原体。我认为,柱状曲挠杆菌可能会引起鱼的“蒙眼”,久不治愈可能会引起瞎眼。这是个人观点。对于后两种原因引起的瞎眼,只要发现得早,采用合理的方法,应该是可以避免瞎眼的。对症,采用治疗寄生虫病或细菌性病的方法。对缺乏某种营养物质引起的白内障,应该在平时注意,多喂营养丰富的饲料,增加饲料的种类.复口吸虫引起的瞎眼,无法治疗。
对于以上四种原因引起的观赏鱼失明的,大家可以参照对应的方法进行治疗,很多时候观赏鱼失明是和生活中一些微小的事分不开的,鱼缸的清洁、换水一定要按时,可以免受很多细菌的侵扰。
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