宾补 知识讲解 总结哪些动词后跟动词不定式做宾补

2024-11-24 08:10:15
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回答1:

不定式作宾补的情况: 一、表示“使/让……”概念的动词 这类动词常见的有:have,let,make,get,keep,drive,send,leave,force,cause等.它们后边分别可跟不定式,分词,形容词、介词短语,名词等作宾语补足语。 例如:I felt sorry to have kept you waiting for me so long.对不起,让你久等了。 The victory sent our spirits rising.胜利使得我们情绪高涨。 二、不定式做宾补,不定式符号可以省略的动词 常见的有;see,watch,hear,observe,feel,notice,listen to,llook at等感官动词及表示使役概念的have,let,mak等。这类词在变为被动语态时,其后不定式符号 to常补出。 例如:We are made to work far into the night.我们被迫干活到深夜。注;在这种结构中,watch,have,let一般不变为被动语态。如: The boy was watched to come out。(误) 三、不定式作宾语补足语,其后内容省略而只保留不定式符号的动词此类动词常见的有;refuse,want,intend,oblige,mean,expect,tell,hope,like,love,plan, try, prefer,wish等。例如:-----Why did you cause the baby cry?------Idid n't mean to. 常见的用现在分词作宾补的结构有: get / leave / keep / set / catch / have sb. doing; see / find / watch / feel / hear / listen to / discover sb. doing 如: He kept me waiting the whole morning. 他让我等了整整一上午。 注意:如果把上述结构变为被动语态(get, have, feel除外),则原来作宾补的现在分词变成主补。如: The girl was caught stealing. 这女孩被抓住偷东西。 高考试题精选: 1. Seeing the sun above the surface of the sea, we let out a shout of joy. A. to rise B. to raise C. rising D. raising 2. The missing boys were last seen near the river. 析:1.答案是C。本题考查宾语补足语。see可接不定式或分词作补语,此句中宾语sun跟宾补rising 构成主谓关系,且宾补(rising)所表示的动作与前面seeing 所表示的动作同时发生,所以应用现在分词作宾补。 2. 答案是A。本题考查主语补足语。