推荐回答(5个)
带螺母的螺丝中,垫片的作用主要是:增大接触面积,减小压力,防止松动,保护零件和螺丝。
垫片是两个物体之间的机械密封,通常用以防止两个物体之间受到压力、腐蚀、和管路自然地热胀冷缩泄漏。由于机械加工表面不可能完美,使用垫片即可填补不规则性。
垫片通常由片状材料制成,如垫纸,橡胶,硅橡胶,金属,软木,毛毡,氯丁橡胶,丁腈橡胶,玻璃纤维或塑料聚合物(如聚四氟乙烯 )。特定应用的垫片可能含有石棉。

扩展资料
垫圈是薄板(通常圆型)的一个漏洞(通常在中间)通常是用于分配的负荷线程紧固件。其他用途是作为间隔,弹簧(贝尔维尔垫片,波垫片) ,耐磨垫,预显示装置,锁装置。橡胶垫圈也用在水龙头(阀门)以切断流动的液体或气体。橡胶或硅垫片也可使用,以减少风扇的振动。通常垫片外径是内径的两倍左右 。
垫片厚度与其形式、材料、直径、密封面状况和密封介质等有关。对大多数非金属板状片而言,通常采用较薄的1.5mm或2mm厚垫片。这是因为较薄的垫片,暴露在内压下的表面积较小,介质沿本体渗漏少,故泄漏率较低,且垫片向外挤出的力也较小;较薄的垫片有较低的蠕变松弛;垫片越薄,价格也越低。
但是,垫片必须填补不规则的法兰密封面,较厚的垫片压缩性好,对损伤或瓢曲不大的密封面有一定的适应能力。因此,垫片的最小厚度取决于法兰表面粗糙度、垫片的压缩性、垫片应力、法兰的偏转程度等。
垫片的主要作用是增大螺栓或螺母与零件表面的接触面积,防止零件表面被磨坏;二是做成弹簧垫圈,起到防松作用。

另外还要注意的是,垫圈的强度和厚度有一定的要求。让螺纹增加摸察力,就不会出现回扣的现象一般的要求是无震动力的构件中,使用平垫,有震动力时加平和弹垫补充。
资料拓展:
平垫的作用是:
加大螺丝与机器的接触面积。
消除弹簧垫在卸螺丝的时候对机器表面的损害。
1、带螺母的螺丝中,垫片的作用是:增大接触面积,减小压力,保护零件和螺丝。
2、垫片是指用纸、橡皮片或铜片制成,放在两平面之间以加强密封的材料,为防止流体泄漏设置在静密封面之间的密封元件。
3、垫片是两个物体之间的机械密封,通常用以防止两个物体之间受到压力、腐蚀、和管路自然地热胀冷缩泄漏。由于机械加工表面不可能完美,使用垫片即可填补不规则性。垫片通常由片状材料制成,如垫纸,橡胶,硅橡胶,金属,软木,毛毡,氯丁橡胶,丁腈橡胶,玻璃纤维或塑料聚合物(如聚四氟乙烯 )。特定应用的垫片可能含有石棉。
4、一般带螺母的螺丝是固定在通孔里,通孔的直径一般会稍大于螺丝,因此,需要垫片来增大接触面积。保护零件。锁紧零件,减小压力,保护零件和螺丝。
垫圈有两种
弹簧垫圈和平垫圈
弹簧垫圈作用是拧紧螺母以后,弹簧垫圈给螺母一个弹力,抵紧螺母,使其不易脱落
平垫圈的作用是,增大螺母的面积,使小螺丝可以上在较大的孔里,同时也可以防止因为拧螺丝中的转动和压紧过程而损坏被紧固件,比如导线,箱体表面
平垫的作用是加大受力面积,而且使被镙紧的孔径不易紧穿.弹簧垫的作用是使被紧固的部件更加紧固,不易脱落,尤其是在受到振动的情况下.
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