黑格尔的哲学怎么那么难学,几乎没什么看

2025-03-12 10:49:45
推荐回答(1个)
回答1:

黑格尔难学其实是公认的。相比较于康德结构清晰、层次分明的三大批判体系,黑格尔的哲学确实难。学习康德看很多导论性质的书就了解得差不多了,在这方面邓晓芒做的普及工作很好。而黑格尔就很难像康德那样将主要内容浓缩,然后将体系予以罗列。因为黑格尔本人是很强调历程的,他认为概括的东西都是不真实的、都是僵死和无生命的,我们要学习真正的哲学就要学习它的每一部分,学习它发展的细枝末节,真正的学习不存在中间跳跃(理性的狡计除外)。我学习黑格尔的经历也蛮曲折的,我本想像学习康德那样学习黑格尔,事先看了很多导论性质的书,体系的、概括性的书都有,但这些书无一不能够给我对黑格尔哲学一个直观的把握,这方面邓晓芒的西方哲学史的黑格尔哲学部分讲得不错,但总的说来,给的答案总是与我想要的解答擦肩而过,没切中我疑问的中心。我有一段时间曾怀疑黑格尔的哲学是胡说八道,就像叔本华反复强调的那样,或者我自己没有能力去学习黑格尔的哲学。后来,我决定集中火力,将邓晓芒哲学史黑格尔的部分反复来回的看,因为我觉得邓的解释相较而言最好。后来稀里糊涂的,把黑格尔的精神现象学看了一遍,看上卷的的时候非常痛苦,好像是无机物那部分,看得我头痛,真正的痛,但与此同时你又不舍得放弃它,因为黑格尔的哲学本质就是历程,你既然上了车,中途下车的话你还能找到回家的路吗?这就是我当时挺玄奥想法。看完上卷,到了第二卷总算豁然开朗了——到这时我才算入了黑格尔哲学的门。后来黑格尔的逻辑学、美学、哲学史等等,我也看了,而且给我很大的震撼、精神享受。黑格尔哲学是个封闭的圈圈,想进入是没有路口的,只能硬撞,撞进去,这需要大量的独自一人时间,才能进得去。有时候我觉得康德的东西,我自己的意见,是一种身外的东西,你学了也可以可用可不用一样,知道就行,但黑格尔的东西不同,黑格尔的东西你学了之后好像就是你自己的东西,好像他书上说的就是你曾经历过的,你对他深信不疑。这就是黑格尔体系的魅力所在,不懂黑格尔的话对很多哲学的论争始终是门外汉,我们看看黑格尔之后,存在主义、现象学、尼采、法兰克福学派、马克思等等,无一不与黑格尔有某些关联,黑格尔绝不是罗素说的那样思想毫无价值,反倒是看了黑格尔之后有一种一览众山小之感。很多哲学家受黑格尔影响很深,但他们大多数又对此讳莫如深,这种让人又爱又恨的感觉只有读了黑格尔、读了黑格尔原著的人才能体会到,从某总程度上黑格尔成了某些人的信仰。黑格尔确实难,但他给你报酬与你的付出绝对相称,我记得贺麟就说过:“我宁愿与老婆离异,也不愿与黑格尔分离”,这句话我觉得用在别人身上未免太矫情,但用在黑格尔身上则恰如其分。如果我要一个人去漂流的话,我就要随身带一本小逻辑

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