关于hardly....when......的语法

hardly....when......
一。。。。就。。。
前面用过去完成时的倒装形式，后面的从句用一般过去时。

举例：
Hardly had the game begun when it started raining.
比赛刚刚开始就下起雨来。

Hardly had we begun our walk when it began to rain.
我们刚一举步就下起雨来了.

以下是英语时态的资料。，网路上找到的：

【时态的基本概念】
时态是表示谓语动作时间概念的动词形式。英语中的时态专指谓语动词而言，不同时间概念的谓语动作有不同的时态，每一个时态又有各自不同的动词形式。
高中阶段要求学生熟练掌握八种时态，此外现在完成进行时在高中教材中反复出现，也应列入“应知应会”的范围。
1.一般现在时：经常发生的动作或规律性的动作。
Each person needs water and a diet of healthy food. (P.2, Senior Book1B)
The moon travels round the earth once every month. (P. 8, Senior Book2B)
在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来的概念。引起时间状语从句的连词有：when, after, before, until, as soon as；引起条件状语从句的连词有：if, unless; so(as)long as。
I will not stop my fight against slavery until all slaves are free. (P.52, Senior Book1A)
2.一般过去时：过去发生过了的动作，这个动作的全过程已经结束。诸如yesterday, last…, …ago都是典型的一般过去时的时间状语。
Fortunately, I was in time for the interview. (P.34, Senior Book2B)
The interview went well and I told the company about my experiences and answered their questions as honestly as I could. (P.34, Senior Book2B)
3.一般将来时：将要发生的动作。
----It’s a bit windy today, isn’t it?
----Yes, it is. Hopefully tomorrow will turn out fine. (P.43, senior Book2B)
Besides, you will not find coral near the mouths of rivers either because the river water has too much soil in it or because it is polluted. (P.20, Senior Book2B)
Do you think our manager is going to have a new factory built? (P.24, Senior Book2B)
4.现在进行时：说话时正在发生的动作。
I’m doing a word puzzle in this newspaper. I’m trying to find the name of a famous person. Can you help me? (P. 1, Senior Book2B)
现在进行时同always配合使用时，带有厌恶、批评，不喜欢等感情色彩。
They also have bad teeth, because of the sugar which they are always eating. (P.3, Senior Book1B)
5.过去进行时:过去某一时间或某段时间正在进行的动作。
He bought a coffee and as the train was traveling fast and moving from side to side , he decided to drink it there and not to carry it back to his seat. (P.32, Senior Book2B)
Over 500 people were working in the building when the fire broke out on the 11th floor. (P.6, Senior Book1B)
6.现在完成时：与现在有联系的过去的动作。
Mr. Ball has just called on Mrs. Zhu to give her a message. (P.13, Senior Book2B)
同现在的联系是：“刚刚探访了朱夫人，给她带了口信”，这件事距现在时间很近，没有多长时间。
We shall have to make a decision about Ms King, whose story I have just told you. (P.19, Senior Book1B)
同现在的联系是：现在你们已经知道有关她的经历，不会影响做出决定。
7.过去完成时：比过去的一个参照动作或时间更早的动作，作为参照的过去的动作或时间有时在句子中直接表述出来，有时通过上下文暗示。
Her parents were dead and had left her a lot of money. (P.14, Senior Book2B)
本句中had left her a lot of money 发生在her parents were dead之前，比较容易看出“过去的过去”，应该不会产生理解上的困难。
Einstein had always been fond of music and had learnt music as a young boy. (P.3, Senior Book2B)
课文一直在叙述爱因斯坦的经历、成就，使用的都是一般过去时。或者我们可以说一般过去时是课文的基础时态。课文的最后又倒叙爱因斯坦少年时代的事情，这是比基础时态一般过去时更早的动作，因此两个并列的谓语动词都用过去完成时。在这类句子中，作为参照的动作或时间需要我们通过对文章的整体理解才能体会出来。
8.过去将来时：以过去某一时间为参照，将要发生的动作。在宾语从句中由于时态呼应的要求，经常会用到过去将来时。
I thought it was going to be fun. (P.54, Senior Book1A)
针对 I thought 这个过去的动作而言的将来。
9.现在完成进行时： 由过去开始，延续到现在并且可能继续进行的动作。现在完成进行时在句子中一般可以翻译成“一直┉”。
People have been talking of it a lot recently. (P.25, Senior Book2B)
最近人们一直在大量地谈论这件事。
Pippa’s parents have been waiting for them. ( P.61, Senior Book2A)
Pippa的父母一直在等他们。
For years we have been dreaming better housing and jobs. (P.37, Senior Book2B)
多年来我们一直梦想着更好的住房和工作。

“Hardly +had +主语＋done…when / before + 主语＋did.”

// “主语＋had +hardly + done…when / before +主语＋did.”

例如：
①Hardly had she had supper when she went out. “她一吃完晚饭就出去了。”
②She had hardly had supper when she went out. （同上）

hardly....when......必须用过去完成时had done
Hardly had I seen him when I recognised him.
I had hardly seen him when I recognised him.

hardly....when......
一。。。。就。。。