煮豆燃豆萁,萁在锅下泣,下面二句是什么?作者?写作背景是?
肯定不是曹植的七步诗啦,
推荐回答(4个)
这是鲁迅的反七步诗,又名替豆萁伸冤。全文为:
煮豆燃豆萁,萁在釜下泣:
我烬你熟了,正好办教席!
写作背景
这首诗写于1925年6月5日,发表于1925年6月7日《京报副刊》,附于杂文《咬文嚼字(三)》。女师大学生风潮期间,鲁迅写此“反诗”,以讽刺、鞭笞杨荫榆和段祺瑞之流。
1925年春,北京女子师范大学校长杨荫榆与段祺瑞政府沆瀣一气,专事迫害进步学生,学生忍无可忍,奋起自卫,并由刘和珍、许广平等倡导组织了学生自治会,与其展开斗争,是为女师大学生风潮。杨荫榆为了制造舆论,责令其亲信哲教系代主任汪懋祖于1925年6月2日在《晨报》上发表致全国教育界意见书,极力颂扬杨荫榆功德,指责反杨学生,谓之“今反杨者,相煎益急”,将杨荫榆压迫进步学生,说成是“兄弟相煎”。鲁迅当时在女师大任教,他对于受迫害的青年学生深表同情,对于封建余孽杨荫榆之流深恶痛绝,而对于帮闲文人汪懋祖之辈的奇谈怪论则嗤之以鼻,以其子之矛攻子之盾,遂撰反七步诗一首,旨在为“豆萁”鸣屈伸冤。诗中的“办教席”,指的是1925年5月7日杨荫榆在北京西安饭店宴请女师大评议员之举。在此宴席中商议开除刘和珍、许广平等六位学生自治会负责人之事。汪懋祖当时也出席宴会。鲁迅借此“反诗”,以辛辣的笔触,针对杨、汪之流,投以绝妙的讽刺和鞭笞
。
反七步诗
郭沫若
煮豆燃豆萁,
豆熟萁成灰。
熟者席上珍,
灰作田中肥。
不为同根生,
缘何甘自毁?
意思:煮豆子正燃烧着豆萁,等到豆子成熟了的时候,豆萁早已化为了灰烬。熟了的豆子变成了酒席上的佳肴,变成灰烬的豆萁则成了田中的肥料。如果不是同一条根生长出来的,那豆子和豆萁怎么会甘愿牺牲自己呢?
这是曹植的七步诗。全诗其实是6句!但是我们熟知的只有4句,
全诗是“煮豆持作羹,漉菽以为汁。萁在釜下燃,豆在釜中泣。本是同根生,相煎何太急!”
这首诗的大意是:煮大豆是拿来做豆羹,煮豆的水过滤渗漏成为豆汁。豆秸在饭锅下燃烧,大豆在饭锅中哭泣。豆秸和大豆本来是同株所生,折磨为什么这样地迫急!
要好好理解其中的寓意还是要从这个典故开始理解啊~
小说《三国演义》引用的曹植那首诗,跟《古诗源》的版本有所不同,只有四句,变成了煮豆燃豆萁,豆在釜中泣。本是同根生,相煎何太急!
公元220年,曹丕把汉朝末代皇帝汉献帝赶下台,称为文帝。他的胞弟曹植的行动就开始受到限制,两次被贬低官爵,削减封地。曹丕曾经命令曹植迈着步子作诗,必须在七步以内把诗作成,不然的话,就用重刑。曹丕的话音刚落。曹植就把诗作好了。
他的母亲卞氏急忙从大殿后面赶出来,质问曹丕:“你这当哥哥的,为什么把弟弟逼得这么狠?”曹丕慌忙离开座位,以国法不能废除为借口,暂时搪塞了过去。曹植这首诗以豆萁相煎,比喻骨肉相残,于是就有了“煮豆燃萁”的成语典故。曹植作《七步诗》以后,又派生了“七步成诗”、“七步之才”等成语,都指的是“煮豆燃萁”这首诗的成语典故。
本是同根生,相煎何太急
作者曹植
曹植的七步诗的写作背景
曹丕和曹植本是亲兄弟,曹植少年时就很聪明,能出口成章,下笔千言。曹丕当了皇帝以后,怕曹植威胁自己的地位,想迫害曹植,有一次让曹植在七步之内做成一首诗,否则就把他处死。曹植应声而起,没走到七步就做好了这首诗。曹植把自己比喻成锅里的豆子,把曹丕比喻成锅下面的豆秆。豆子和豆秆本来是生长在同一根上,现在豆秆却在锅下面燃烧,煎熬锅里的豆子,而锅里的豆子无力反抗。曹植用这个比喻,暗指曹丕我与你是亲生兄弟,应该是骨肉情深,真诚相至,但现在却是骨肉相残,表达了内心的悲愤。相传曹丕听了面有惭色。这首诗比喻贴切,用语巧妙,通俗易懂而又含义深长。
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