推荐回答(5个)
袁绍在东汉末年是一个根正苗红的高干子弟,他家四世三公,而且他本人也喜欢结交各路朋友,所以许多人才也都归附在袁绍门下,在讨伐董卓的联盟中,袁绍还担任盟主;曹操的出身就不及袁绍,当时各方面的实力也不如袁绍。不过,最后两人在官渡交战的时候,人多势众的袁绍竟然输给了人少的曹操,这场大战也震惊了所有人,并且成为了我国以少胜多的典型案例。官渡之战并不仅仅只是一场战争这么简单,它也反映了袁绍集团内部的各种问题,下面我们来探讨一下袁绍失败的原因。
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一、袁绍不会用人
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袁绍作为全军的最高领袖,他应该制定团队的大方向,管理好手下的人才。可是,袁绍在实际中,并没有给出团队发展的方向,又不会用人,导致手下的人各自为战,不能形成合力。在官渡之战中,袁绍凭着自己的绝对实力,一开始在战争中是占了优势的。可是这时候,他的谋士之间开始了窝里斗。谋士审配在前方还在打仗的时候把许攸的家人给抓了起来,许攸没有办法最后跑去投降曹操。郭图急于表现自己,献出了计策却没有被采纳,他又去诬陷张郃和高览,说他俩想要谋反,最后这两位将领真的反叛了。从这些人的表现就可以看出,袁绍没有处理好这些人的关系,导致谋士团非常不团结。
二、许攸、张郃、高览站在了曹操一边
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许攸投靠曹操之后,就根据自己对袁绍方面的了解,立马献出了乌巢劫粮的计策。曹操立即派人执行这条政策,结果守护乌巢的将领淳于琼又是一个经常喝酒误事的人,所以曹操成功劫粮的。袁绍手下两位重要的猛将张郃和高览在前方打仗,袁绍受到小人挑唆对他俩产生怀疑,于是两人就真的投靠曹操了。
从上面我们可以看出袁绍在用人方面非常差,他不懂疑人勿用的道理,也不会知人善用,在作战的关键期,几员重要人员投靠曹操,所以袁绍就这样失败了。
东汉末年,军阀割据,北方逐渐形成了袁绍和曹操两个强大的军事集团。袁绍占有幽、冀、青、并四州;曹操占有兖、豫二州,并在建安元年(公元195 年)把汉献帝挟持到许昌,“挟天子以令诸侯”,双方都企图独霸天下
因为粮草被烧了,对一场战争来说粮草是非常重要的,曹操带着部队直接去袭击了袁绍的粮草,导致袁绍的军队大乱,最终失败。
官渡之战的惨败,是“骄兵必败”的一个佐证。袁绍八员战将五死三降,十几万士兵损失殆尽。这个战例成为中国历史上以弱胜强、以少胜多的典型战例。
之所以会导致这场战役的失败,是因为曹操的大意。如果是他能够小心谨慎一些,也不至于落得现在的田地了。非常让人可惜。
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