表示一般过去式的动词通常用动词的过去式形式来表示,而动词的过去式是在动词原形的基础上变化的。动词的过去式可分为规则动词和不规则动词。规则动词的过去式变化如下:
(1)一般情况下,动词词尾加 -ed ,如: worked played wanted acted (2)以不发音的 -e 结尾动词,动词词尾加 -d,如: lived moved decided declined hoped judged raised wiped
(3)以辅音字母 + y结尾的动词,把-y变为-i 再加-ed,如: studied tried copied justified cried carried embodied emptied
(4)以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,双写词尾辅音字母,再加 -ed,如: stopped begged fretted dragged dropped planned dotted dripped
(5)注:不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强,须多加记忆。 go - went,make - made,get - got ,buy - bought ,come - came ,fly-flew ,is/am-was,are-were ,see-saw ,bring-brought,do-did,teach-taught, think-thought, say-said,sit-sat. read-read, spend-spent, eat-ate,give-gave,sit-sat,tell-told,write-wrote,fell-felt,find-found,hear-heard,know-knew, put-put,grow-grew,take,took,catch-caught,come-camebecome-became,swim-swam,sweep—swept,sing—sang,draw—drew,
表示一般过去式的动词通常用动词的过去式形式来表示,而动词的过去式是在动词原形的基础上变化的。动词的过去式可分为规则动词和不规则动词。规则动词的过去式变化如下:
(1)一般情况下,动词词尾加 -ed ,如: worked played wanted acted (2)以不发音的 -e 结尾动词,动词词尾加 -d,如: lived moved decided declined hoped judged raised wiped
(3)以辅音字母 + y结尾的动词,把-y变为-i 再加-ed,如: studied tried copied justified cried carried embodied emptied
(4)以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,双写词尾辅音字母,再加 -ed,如: stopped begged fretted dragged dropped planned dotted dripped
(5)注:不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强,须多加记忆。 go - went,make - made,get - got ,buy - bought ,come - came ,fly-flew ,is/am-was,are-were ,see-saw ,bring-brought,do-did,teach-taught, think-thought, say-said,sit-sat. read-read, spend-spent, eat-ate,give-gave,sit-sat,tell-told,write-wrote,fell-felt,find-found,hear-heard,know-knew, put-put,grow-grew,take,took,catch-caught,come-camebecome-became,swim-swam,sweep—swept,sing—sang,draw—drew,
参考资料: 百度百科
过去分词有规则变化和不规则变化两种。
一.规则变化
1.一般在动词原形后加-ed
look looked
call called
open opened
need needed
①-ed在清辅音音素后
发音为〔t〕,在浊辅音后发音为〔d〕,在元音后发音也为[d]
②-ed在〔t]、〔d〕 后发音为[id]
③但fix的过去式x不双写,为fixed.
2.以-e结尾的动词加-d
move moved
phone phoned
hope hoped
agree agreed
3.以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,变y为i,再加-ed
study studied
carry carried
try tried
以原音字母加y结尾的词,直接加-ed
play played
enjoy enjoyed
stay stayed
4.末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,双写该辅音字母,再加-ed stop
plan planned
fit fitted
stop stopped
5. 以-r音节结尾的词,双写r字母, 再加-ed prefer
refer referred
prefer preferred
二. 不规则变化
1.动词原形、过去式完全同形。
这类词有:
cut
hit
cast
hurt
put
let
shut
cost
set
rid
2.原形与过去式不同形。
例:
原形 过去式
find(找到) found
pay(支付) paid
leave(离开) left
lend(借出) lent
meet(遇见) met
keep(保持) kept
lose(丢失) lost
teach(教) taught
sit(坐) sat
lead(引导) led
win(赢)除) won
become became
give(给) gave
fly(飞) flew
drink(喝) drank
see(看见) saw
go(去) went
know(知道) knew
wear(穿) wore
speak(说) spoke
提示:
a. beat的过去式与原形同形:
比:beat(打击) beat(过去式) beaten(过去分词)
b. lie有规则变化和不规则变化两种,含义不同
比:lie lied, lied(说谎)
lay, lain(躺,位于)
c. hang 有规则变化和不规则变化两种,含义不同
比:hang hanged, hanged(处绞刑)
hung, hung(挂,吊)
d. welcome(欢迎)一词是规则动词,不可误用为不规则动词
比:welcome welcomed, welcomed(正)
welcome, welcome(误)
e.不要将不规则动词误用为规则动词
比:hit(打) hit, hit(正)
hitted, hitted(误)
特殊的动词必须死记硬背,比如eat buy take等这样不规则的过去时和过去分词
一般的动词结尾加ed就是过去式,比如played listened