英语中在什么情况下有a则a无a则o

◆Unit 1.Where’s the post office目标语言：ask for and give directions on the street重点句型：Is there a bank near here Yes, there’s a bank on Center Street. Is there a supermarket Yes, there is. No, there isn’t. Where’s the supermarket It’s next to the library. The pay phone is across from the library. The pay phone is next to the library. The pay phone is between the post office and the library. The pay phone is on Green Street. Just go straight and turn left. It’s down Bridge Street on the right. It’s next to a supermarket. Is there a big supermarket near where you live重点词组：across from, on the street, between…and…, next to, in the neighborhood, go straight, turn left, on the right(left), on the avenue, take a walk, in the hotel, the beginning of, have fun doing, on a bench, the way to, take a taxi, go down, go through, have a good trip,welcome to+n.，the way to+n去。。。的路，hope to do3．本单元的方位介词 across from在。。。对面 next to 紧挨着 between …and在。。。与。。。之间 on 在。。。。上 in 在。。。。里4.词语辨析 across & through Across 和through两个介词都有“穿过”的意思， 用法却不同。Across的含义与on有关，表示动作在某一物体的表面进行，常指从宽度意思上讲的“横穿/跨”。Through的含义in有关，表示动作在某物体的空间进行。 Arrive in& arrive atArrive at表示到达较小的地方；arrive in表示到达较大的地方。5．Let sb.(宾格)do sth.让某人做某事。Let后面的动词要用动词原形。重点词组：want to do sth.想要做某事，kind of有点儿，be from=come from来自，…years old。。。岁，play with与。。。一起玩，at night在夜里，在晚上，get up起床，every day每天，look at 看,give sb. sth=give sth. to sb.把某物给某人，be friendly to sb对某人友好（强调对某人的态度）be friendly with sb和某人友好（强调和某人的关系）in a friendly way以友好的方式，go to sleep就寝，入睡 get to sleep入睡（由于某种原因睡不着，想方设法入睡）fall asleep入睡（入睡的状态）go to bed上床睡觉（不一定睡着）2． kind的用法kind of有点，稍微；a kind of一种；kinds of各种kind 作形容词，为“善良的，好心的”She is a kind woman.她是个善良的女人。3． Other作形容词时，为“其他的，另外的”，用做定语。后接不可数名词或可数名词复数形式。6.during在…期间，在某段时间内，如I like traveling during summer holidays. 我喜欢在暑假旅游。7.at night & in the nightat night意为“在夜里”“在晚上”“天黑时”，指在一天的部分时间，常常是下午6时至午夜这一段时间；in the night指“在夜里”指从天黑到天明这一整段时间。8.also位于句中；either位于句尾，用于否定句；too也表示“也”，一般位于句尾。9.第10页的1要求记住；第9页的3a要求记住。10.关于 “like”的问句1) Why do you like…这是提问者问对方为什么喜欢某人或某物，直接寻求对方所说话的原因。-Why do you like the panda你为什么喜欢熊猫？-Because it is very lovely.因为它很可爱。2) Do you like doing..这是提问者问对方习惯上喜欢什么，意为“你喜欢。。。吗？”其中like doing指喜欢干某事，相当于enjoy doing。-Do you like working in China你喜欢在中国工作吗？3) Do you like to do..这是提问者问对方目前的一时爱好。其中like to do指现在想干某事，相当于want to do。表示某种愿望。Do you like to have a cup of tea你想喝杯茶吗？4) How do you like…这是用来询问对方对某人或某物的看法，意为“你觉得。。。怎么样？”How do you like…相当于What do you think of… How do you like China你觉得中国怎么样？5) What do you like这是用来询问对方一贯性的爱好，意为“你喜欢什么？”注意这一句式与What would you like你想要什么？不同。Would like为一固定表达方式，用来询问对方当时的意向。-What do you like你喜欢什么？-I like books.我喜欢书。-What would you like你想要什么？-I’d like some apples.我想要些苹果。6）What’s the weather like..这句用来询问天气情况，意为“。。。天气情况怎么样？”此句可用How’s the weather like…替换。◆unit 3 I’d like a large pizza.目标语言：Talk about past events重点句型：Where did Tina go on vacation She went to the mountains. Where did he go on vacation He stayed at home. Did you go to Central Park Yes, I did. No, I didn’t. Did he go to Central Park Yes, he did. No, he didn’t. How was your vacation It was pretty good. How was the weather It was hot and humid. How were the people They were unfriendly. We had great fun playing in the water. The shops were too crowded, so I didn’t really enjoyed it. I found a little boy crying in the corner.重点词组： stay at home, go to New York City, summer camp, go to the mountains, on vacation, Central Park, go to the movies,pretty good, bus trip, have fun doing, go shopping, in the corner, help sb, do sth, make sb. do sth. decide to do sth, discuss sth with sb, write a report on sth , be lost知识点：1．英语不规则动词变化( BookI – Book III)A B Chear heard heardlearn learnt learnthave/has had hadleave left leftlend lent lentlose lost lostmake made mademean meant meantsend sent sentspell spelt speltshoot shot shotsit sat satsmell smelt smelt spend spent spentspit spat spatstand stood stoodunderstand understood understoodhang hung hunghold held heldlight lit litmeet met metfind found foundfeed fed fedspit spat spatbear bore bornwin won wonbuild built builtbabysit babysat babysatflee fled fledlead led ledmislead misled misledbend bent bentbleed bled bledhold held heldsmell smelt smeltdig dug dug deal dealt dealt A B Ceat ate eatenfall fell fallendo/does did donechoose chose chosenbreak broke brokenam/is was beenare were beenfly flew flownforbid forbade forbidden forget forgot forgottenfreeze froze frozenget got gottengo went gonehide hid hiddenlie lay lainmistake mistook mistakensee saw seenshake shook shakenspeak spoke spokensteal stole stolentake took takenwake woke wokenwear wore wornA A Bbeat beat beatenA B Arun ran runcome came comebecome became becomeA A AA B can couldmay mightwill would shall shouldA Amust must不规则中寻规则：a) 过去式与动词原形同形cost cost cost put put putfit fit fit cut cut cutlet let lethurt hurt hurtset set setshut shut shutread read readhit hit hitb)原形以ow/aw结尾，过去式则变成ewgrow grew grownthrow threw thrownknow knew knowndraw drew drewshow showed shownc)将动词原形中的元音字母i改成a,变成过去式。swim swam swumsink sank sunkring rang runggive gave givendrink drank drunksing sang sungbegin began begun【特例】win won wond)过去式以ought或aught结尾think thought thoughtbring brought broughtbuy bought boughtfight fought foughtcatch caught caughtteach taught taught【注意】上述动词过去式的末尾是ought还是aught，只要记住“有a则a,无a则o”,即原形中有a的，则变为aught，否则为ought.e)将动词原形中的字母组合ee去掉一个，词尾加上t，变成过去式。feel felt feltsweep swept swept sleep slept slept keep kept keptoversleep overslept oversleptf)将动词原形中的元音字母i改为o,变成过去式。drive drove drivenride rode ridden write wrote writtenrise rose risenshine shone shoneg)以ay结尾的动词，将ay变成aid变成过去式pay paid paidsay said saidlay laid laid h)以一个辅音字母+ell结尾的动词，将ell改成old变成过去式tell told toldSell sold sold2.一般过去时的用法1）表示在过去某个时间内发生的动作或存在的状态。常与表示过去的时间状语连用。如yesterday, last week, an hour ago, just now, in 1990等。2）表示过去接连发生的一系列动作。They played soccer and then went home.3)一般过去时动词的构成方法：a) 一般情况下，动词原形后直接加-ed。如，play-playedb) 以e结尾的动词，直接加-d。 如，decide-decidedc) 重读闭音节+单个辅音字母结尾的动词，双写该辅音字母，再加-ed。如，stop-stoppedd) 结尾是“辅音字母+y”的动词，先变y为i，再加-ed.如，study-studiede) 有些动词变化不规则要特殊记忆。上面以给出。4）一般过去时的句法功能a) 肯定句：主语+一般过去时动词+其他We had Sichuan food for dinner.b) 否定句：主语+didn’t+动词原形+其他；主语+wasn’t/weren’t+其他I didn’t go to summer camp. The shops weren’t too crowded.c) 一般疑问句：Did +主语+动词原形+其他？；Was/Were+主语+其他？Did they stay at homeWas the bus trip relaxingd) 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般过去式？Where did you go Who was ill3.find的用法1) find sb doing sth. 发现某人在做某事 I find him reading an interesting book.2) find sb. to do sth 发现某人做某事We found him to be a good student.3) find sb+adj/prep-phrase/n发现某人怎么样或在某一种情况下He found me a good student.I found him at home.4) find it+adj/n+to do sth发现做某事怎么样He finds it important to learn English well.(这里的it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式)5）find onself不知不觉地He found himself in the forest.4..同义词辨析find, find out, look, look for, look atfind:找到。强调找的结果。find out:找出，查出。指经过一番努力达到目的。look:找，看。 强调动作的过程， 是不及物动词。look for:寻找。强调动作的过程，for后接名词或代词，表示寻找的对象。look at: 看。强调动作的过程，at后接名词或代词，表示看的对象。5． 否定前缀 un- a) friendly(友好的) unfriendly（不友好的）b) lucky(幸运的) unlucky(不幸的)c) fair(公平的) unfair(不公平的)d) happy(高兴的) unhappy(不悦的) in-a) expensive(贵的) inexpensive(便宜的)b) formal(正式的) informal（非正式的）c) exact(确切的) inexact(不确切的)d) human(人性的) inhuman(野蛮的)6． 词语辨析a) walk与on foot “步行“方式walk与on foot都指“步行”，但用法不同。Walk是动词，walk to后接地点副词here,there,home等时，介词to要省去。而on foot是一个表示方式，方法的介词短语，在句中只能做状语。on foot不能用on feet或by foot替换。walk to相当于go to …on foot，表示“走着去，步行”。b) cool与cold“冷”cool意思是“凉快的”，既不冷，有不热，给人一种舒服的感觉。Col意思是“寒冷的”，给人一种不舒服的感觉。c) hot与warm“热”hot作形容词，表示“热的”，反义词是cold。Hot指温度很高，给人一种不舒服的感觉。Hot用作形容词有多种含义，如“辣的”，“热门的”，“最近的” warm作形容词意思是“温暖的；暖和的”，指温度适中，给人一种舒服的感觉。7． 形容词的用法形容词就是表示人或事物的性质，状态或特征等的词。a) 和连系动词连用：形容词常用在连系动词be,look,get等的后面，构成“主-系-表”结构，形容词作表语，说明主语是什么或怎么样的状态。如He is happy.b) 修饰名词：形容词常用在名词前面，用于修饰名词。如He is a good student.c) 常用表示程度的副词very, too, so, quite, rather等词来修饰8． So的用法小结a) 作连词 So作连词，意为“因此，所以“。Because是连词，意思是“因为”，常用于回答以why开头的问句。不过，汉语中有“因为。。。所以。。。”连用的情况，但英语中because与连词so绝不能同时出现在同一个句子中，只能用其中的一个。如This is our first lesson, so I don’t know all your name.这是我们的第一堂课，所以我不知道你们大家的名字。在这里，so用作连词，它把两个句子连接起来，表示前一句是原因，后一句是结果。口诀“because常来回答why，句中有so 它不来。“b) 作副词So用作副词，意为“那么“，表示程度，修饰形容词或副词，作状语。So用作副词还可以表示强调，意思为“非常，很”。如This bag is so heavy.这个包如此的沉。c)作代词so用作代词，意思是“这样，那样，这么”重点词组：think of, talk about, soap opera, sports show, situation comedy, game show, how about, weekend talk, a thirteen-year-old boy, hair clip, key ring, enjoy doing, thanks for doing, mind doing, show sb. sth, show sth to sb. , show sb around知识点：1． Mind的用法1） mind作“介意”“反对”讲，为及物动词或不及物动词，常用与疑问句，否定句，条件句中，其后可跟名词，代词，动名词或从句。如 I don’t mind cigarette smoke.我不在乎香烟的味儿。 I’m sure that he won’t mind.我确信他不会介意的。 Would you mind if I went home early我早点回家你反对吗？2） mind作“思想”“主题”“想法”讲，为可数名词。如 Speak your mind out.把你的想法说出来。2．how about和what about同义，用法也相同。About是介词，后面除了名词，代词以外，还可以跟动名词或介词短语。1）how/what about用来询问或打听情况，意思为“。。。怎么样？”“。。。如何？”如 I am tired. What about you我很累了，你呢？2）how/what about用来提出请求，建议或征求意见，意思为“（你认为）。。。怎么样？”“。。。。如何？”如，How about going out for a walk出去散步怎么样？3．Show的用法1) show作“给….看” “出示” “显示”讲,为及物动词.如Please show your tickets.请把票拿出来.2)表示 “给某人看什么东西”时,用 “show sth to sb”或 “show sb sth”.如Please show me the map.= Please show the map to me.请把地图给我看一看.3) show someone around some place带领某人参观某地 如,I showed him around our school.我领着他参观了我们学校.4. enjoy的用法a) enjoy后面接动词时,要使用动名词形式.如enjoy swimming finish, be busy, mind, go on等词的用法也如此.b) enjoy oneself=have a good time玩得快乐,玩得高兴Did you enjoy yourself at the party你在聚会上玩得愉快吗5.词语辨析1)think, think of, think about想Think意为 “思考,认为”单独使用时,think表示 “思考”;后接that从句时,think表示 “认为,觉得”Think of是动词短语,意思为 “想起,想到”某人或某物.还有 “对….有某种看法,认为”的意思.Think about也是动词词组,意思是 “考虑”.其后面可以跟名词,动名词,代词.2) agree with与 agree to “同意”Agree with后面通常接表示人的词语,表示 “赞成,同意”某人Agree to 后面常接表示物或事的词语,而不接表示人的词语.3)talk to与talk with 交谈Talk 通常是用作不及物动词,意思是 “谈话,说话”. 要表示与某人谈话则应在其后加上介词to 与with. Talk还作名词,意思为 “聊天,谈话”,如have a long talk进行长谈, have a talk with和某人谈谈.◆unit 12 Don’t eat in class.重点词组：arrive late for class, eat in the cafeteria, wear a uniform, have to, too many rules, meet friends, after school, learn the piano, in class, no talking百度回答不能超过10000字，所以很多粘不过来，你知道吧所以下面的只能给你留下网站进网站之后点找初一，英语，点击然后点新人教进去找就可以找到1，2册的同样，点初二英语就可以找到3，4册的http://www.eresdown.com/grade/7/subject2/