为何郑和之后的明朝再也造不出下西洋时期的包船呢?
为何郑和之后的明朝再也造不出下西洋时期的包船呢?
推荐回答(5个)
我觉得主要有三个方面的原因。一是建造宝船耗资巨大,明政府难以承受;二是明朝统治者的目的已经达到,通过建造宝船让郑和下西洋去宣扬国威,已经获得了显著的成效,不需要再大费周章的进行这样劳民伤财的活动了;第三,郑和下西洋虽然效果显著,但付出的代价也十分惨痛,漫漫航海路,多少将士客死他乡,多少百姓失去亲人,因此民众的不满情绪,朝廷大臣的进谏指责,也迫使明朝不能再进行这样的活动了。

我们来具体看一下郑和下西洋时船只的规模和大小。郑和下西洋的人员编制大约为27000人,船只二百多艘,这时何等的规模啊,这样一支舰队行驶在茫茫大海之上,气势只会比千军万马来的更加猛烈。再来看一下宝船的大小,最大的宝船长四十四丈四尺,宽十八丈,载重量八百吨,可容纳上千人,是当时世界上最大的船只,可想而知这样一艘宝船建造下来所耗费的人力物力将会多么巨大,国库再富裕也经不起这样折腾。

建造宝船这样庞大的开支从哪里来,当然要从国库里拿,而国库的钱又是从百姓那里来,因此百姓们就要承受更多的税款,这必然会导致百姓们的反抗,如果明政府为了实现自己的目的而一味地压迫剥削百姓,那么反而会因小失大导致灭亡。

这也告诉我们,做事要有分寸,过犹则不及。如有错误疏漏或见解不同的地方,欢迎交流指正。
其一,“厚往薄来”的政策最后导致国库空虚。举办任何事业都要讲究效益,产出必须大于投入才能持续发展。而郑和船队将士众多,耗资巨大,每次出航馈赠要花大笔开销,大量贡品免费提供皇室、贵族享用,支持郑和船队的明政府国库空虚。“厚往薄来”的方针实非长久之计,这种违反了经济发展规律的“蚀本”买卖是无法持续的。 其二,政治目的达到后航海活动的重要地位下降。明初由于海寇猖獗,影响明朝与东南亚国家之间的友好关系,郑和下西洋的前期目的是打通海道,肃清倭寇,另一目的是与西洋国保持稳定关系。郑和七下西洋之后,明朝统治者认为政治目的已达到,航道已畅通无阻,因此郑和下西洋的活动显得不重要了。 其三,明朝垄断海上贸易权扼杀私人贸易的发展,在国内严禁私人出海贸易,明朝法律规定私自出海贸易将被处以极刑。明朝统治者执行严历的海禁政策的原因之一。 其四,郑和船队过于庞大。郑和所统领的官兵大约二三万人,船舶近百艘,航程周期又过于漫长,每次往返需二三年时间,返航后不久就接着下一次航程,人员伤亡惨重,本身就难以为继。朝廷官员批评指责颇多,施加压力颇大,迫使明王朝终止这一活动。 其五,郑和下西洋所需物品大多出于官手工业,供给日益困难。手工业的日益衰落,下西洋已失去雄厚的物质基础,要求建造大量可供赏赐丝织品和建造可航行远洋的海船已日见困难,下西洋活动当然难以再继续进行下去了。
(2016·宜昌)“他竟能于十四个月之中而造成六十四艘之大舶,载运二万八千人巡游南洋,示威海外,为中国超前轶后之奇举。至今南洋土人犹有怀想当年三保之雄风遗烈者,可谓壮矣!”文中“奇举”对应的历史事件是郑和下西洋。
今天的马六甲、爪哇等地都有“三宝庙”。下列人物与此相关的是郑和。
那么多人,那么大的船,就用现在的话说,贪污了,经费根本就不足以制造更多的船只来
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