推荐回答（1个）
【原文】
其安易持，其未兆易谋；
其脆易泮，其微易散。
为之于未有，治之于未乱。
合抱之木，生于毫末；
九层之台，起于垒土；
千里之行，始于足下。
为者败之，执者失之。
是以圣人无为故无败，无执故无失。
民之从事，常于几成而败之。
慎终如始，则无败事。
是以圣人欲不欲，不贵难得之货；
学不学，复众人之所过。
以辅万物之自然而不敢为。
【译文】
局面安定时容易维持，情势未明朗时容易图谋，事物脆弱时容易消解，事物微小时容易散失。要在事情未开始时就有所打算，要在祸乱未发作之前就早作预防。
合抱的大树，长成于细小的萌芽；九层的高台，堆垒于土坯；千里的远行， 开始于脚下。对于这些渐进的过程，如果妄逞权能而揠苗助长，就会导致失败；如果执意于某一情态而加抗拒，就会反而使局面失去控制。因此，圣人不妄逞权能，所以不会失败；不抗拒渐进的演变，所以不会使局面失控。人们做事，常在接近成功的时候失败，慎终如慎始，就不会有败事。因此，圣人要别人之所不要，不使稀贵资源的供应更形紧张；学别人之所不学，以便牵正人们的偏激过失。借此以辅导万物行于其自然而不强加干涉。
【评析】
本章紧承前章，是对如何保持系统化工程的合意稳态的论述。老子认为系统在稳态时容易维持，异变在微弱时容易散失，所以，他认为要以预防先于治疗的原则来保证系统合意稳态的维持，并通过这种稳态的保持来求得工程目标的渐进实现。对渐进的演变过程，老子既主张保持警惕以防微杜渐，加以利用以求事业的成功，又主张加以因顺以保持平稳的演变，并要求圣人充分发挥他的调节指向作用以保证事态的匀称自然发展。
在现代系统理论角度看，一些渐进的量变因素，特别是那些处于系统反馈盲区之中的细小量的积累，往往造成最难以避免的突变。对这种渐进的演变，如果执意于原先的稳态而人为地加以抗拒，就会导致系统势能的蓄积，把系统推向高势位使突变前景更不确定而增长了局面失控的危险。所以，老子的“执者失之”、“无执故无失”的说法是非常有道理的。老子所提出的或防微以杜渐、或积少以求成、或顺变以自保的处置方略不失为对渐变过程所可能施行的正确方略。
本章提出的“慎终如始”地“辅万物之自然”说是老子一系列思想的高度概括。通过见微知著的“味无味”，并通过投身介入的“辅万物”，使之“之自然”而退步抽身，构成了“为无为”的入世、在世、出世三步曲。通过审慎的介入以求得悠闲的退出是道者的一大理想；不求独揽大权，但求天下安康，成了道者的人生准则。
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