电缆线损计算方法

2025-02-06 04:13:03
推荐回答(2个)
回答1:

线损率=(线损电量/供电量)*100%=(供电量-售电量)/供电量*100%= (1–售电量/供电量)*100%。

或者线损率=(购电量-售电量)/购电量×100%(购电量由统一核算电厂上网电量、购独立电厂电量、自其它电网净受入电量构成)。

在实际工作中,可采取以下措施降低线损率:

确定负荷中心的最佳位置,减少或避免超供电半径供电的现象。农网线路供电半径的一般要求是:400伏线路不大于0.5千米,10千伏线路不大于15千米,35千伏线路不大于40千米,110千伏线路不大于150千米。

电缆线[electric cable;power cable] 通常是由几根或几组导线[每组至少两根]绞合而成的类似绳索的电缆,每组导线之间相互绝缘,并常围绕着一根中心扭成,整个外面包有高度绝缘的覆盖层,电线电缆是指用于电力、通信及相关传输用途的材料。

“电线”和“电缆”并没有严格的界限。通常将芯数少、产品直径小、结构简单的产品称为电线,没有绝缘的称为裸电线,其他的称为电缆;导体截面积较大的(大于6平方毫米)称为大电线,较小的(小于或等于6平方毫米)称为小电线,绝缘电线又称为布电线。

回答2:

可以采用铜电缆或铝电缆的计算方法,线损是相同截面积铜电缆的2倍,相同截面积铝线的1.2
倍,也可以用电压损失百分数简易计算公式计算。
电压损失百分数简易计算公式
△u=pl/cs
s=pl/c△u
△u——电压损失百分数
p——输送的有功功率(kw)
l——输送的距离(m)
c——常数,铝线单相8.3,铝线三相四线46;铜线单相12.8,铜线三相四线77
;铝合金单相6.4,
铝合金,三相39,
s——导线截面(mm²)
比如380v线路,输送有功功率30kw,输送距离300m,35mm²铜电缆电压损失是:
解:根据公式
△u%=pl/csx100%
△u=(30x300)/(77x35)x100%=9000/2695x100%=3.3%
电压损失
△u=380x3.3%=12.5v
380v线路,输送有功功率30kw,输送距离300m,35mm²铝电缆电压损失是:
解:根据公式
△u%=pl/csx100%
△u=(30x300)/(46x35)x100%=9000/1610x100%=5.6%
电压损失
△u=380x5.6%=21v
380v线路,输送有功功率30kw,输送距离300m,35mm²铝合金电缆电压损失是:
△u=(30x300)/(39x35)x100%=9000/1365x100%=6.6%
电压损失
△u=380x6.6%=25v
公式及数据来源《电工进网作业许可考试低压类理论部分》《电工学基础》等

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