推荐回答(1个)
《红烛》这首诗是与诗集同名的诗篇,就是诗集《红烛》的序诗。这首诗中,红烛就是诗人,诗人就是红烛。“红烛啊!‘莫问收获,但问耕耘。’”既是对红烛 精神的提炼,也是诗人对自己的勉励:不惜牺牲,无私奉献。诗的每一节都以“红烛啊”的呼唤开头,形成浓郁的抒情氛围,继之以自问、自悟、自励、自答、自勉,一步步展示执著追求的心迹,有很强的感染力。 第1节诗人怀着敬慕的心情赞颂荧荧的红烛。“红”是赤诚的象征。红烛在诗人眼里,是理想的人格的化身。他提出了自我要求:诗人的心应该也这样的红。我们感受到,诗人的那颗赤子之心,诗人那种火热的爱国情感。“人与物化,意与境融”,可以说红烛就是诗人,诗人就是红烛,理解了这一点,有助于对全诗思想感情的把握。 第2、3节,是对红烛自我牺牲精神的讴歌,诗人用设问手法,自问自答,生动地表现了一个思考觉悟的过程。前后两种截然相反的回答,表明了诗人的醒悟,同时也更有力地表现了红烛精神的可贵。诗人把蜡比作躯体,把火比作灵魂,躯体与灵魂当然应该是互相依存的,这样就发生一个问题:“为何更须烧蜡成灰,然后才放光出?”起初觉得这是大惑不解的,诗人认为这真“矛盾”,自相冲突,不可理解。但是,诗人终于彻悟了,“不误,不误!原是要烧出你的光来——”诗人理解了红烛,由衷地赞美红烛的奉献精神。诗人的思考,实际上反映了那个时代进步青年在探索人生真谛的思想历程中所遇到的矛盾和获得的觉悟。
第4节,是诗人对红烛的殷殷寄语,也是诗人的自勉自励。“既制了,便烧着”,人生的价值在于奉献,活着就要让生命之火熊熊燃烧,让智慧和才能放出灿烂的火光。诗人借着红烛的形象激励自己,表达了自己的信念和心愿。当时,民众深受帝国主义封建主义思想文化的毒害,如沉睡梦中尚未觉醒,诗人认为自己有职责从梦中唤醒世人,救治世人灵魂,使民众觉悟、奋起,从帝国主义封建主义的精神枷锁中把他们解放出来。
第5—7节,诗人转对烛泪的思考,对红烛的劝慰。诗人首先采用了拟人手法揭示了一种很矛盾的现象:“你心火发光之期,正是泪流开始之日。”诗人的注意力转到烛泪上面,接着诗人亲切地问红烛:“何苦伤心流泪?”诗人同情、惊疑、思索。这里反映了诗人在现实生活中内心所涌现的矛盾、痛苦和挣扎。诗人经过一番求索,恍然大悟,是还有“残风”的存在,“残风”隐指反动势力。红烛流泪是为流得不稳而急得流泪,体现了诗人自己怀着拯救祖国的美好愿望,因受到黑暗反动势力的阻挠,感到壮志难酬,为世而痛哭流涕。但是,红烛的泪不会白流。诗人劝慰道:“请将你的脂膏,不息地流向人间,培出慰藉底花儿,结成快乐的果子!”
第8、9节两节的呼唤,一声是同情的呼唤,一声是劝导鼓励的呼唤。“灰心流泪你的果,创造光明你的因。”这样的因果关系是多么不公平、不合理,但在这样的社会中生活只有不惜牺牲,无私奉献。诗人劝勉红烛,也就是劝勉自己:“红烛啊!‘莫问收获,但问耕耘。’”诗情得到凝聚和升华。这正是闻一多人格美的集中体现。他热爱祖国,热爱人民,毫不顾惜个人的得失荣辱,是极其伟大、崇高的。
全诗以诗人对“红烛”的心迹交流为线索,用问答的形式展开诗意,抒发感情,凸现了诗人献身祖国、敢于自我牺牲的爱国精神。提起红烛,总会浮想联翩:漆黑的夏夜,隐隐传来几声蛙鸣。游船在嘉兴南湖的水面上轻轻摇荡,一线微弱的烛光,尽管只能照亮小小的船舱,但仍与旧势力顽强地抗争着。一只指点江山的大手轻轻拨了一下烛芯,顿时火花闪烁,乘着风,化作天上的繁星。一颗、两颗、三颗……越聚越多,瞬间交织成了一轮火红的太阳,升在世界的东方,唤醒了沉睡的雄狮。

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