There goes the bell.意思是玲响了,为什么不能用There is going the bell?

There goes the bell=the bell goes there ，属于特殊的倒装句，句子意思是铃响了。
There is going the bell，这是there be 结构，语法上就不对的。

there be 句型是英语中常用句型， 意思是"有"，表示"人或事物的存在"或"某地有某物"。There在此结构中是引导词，已经没有副词"那里"的含义。There be 后面的名词是句子的主语，属倒装结构。其问句形式是将be或will/have/can/must等助动词、情态动词提至there之前，否定形式则直接在be或助动词、情态动词后加not，因此要表达“某个地方或某个时间存在什么事物或人”的时候常用“There be + 名词+ 地点（时间）这一句型。
例句：
There seem to be a few trees between me and the green.
在我与草坪之间好像有一些树。
There is going to be a meeting tonight.
今天晚上有个会议。
There is likely to be a storm.
可能有一场暴雨。
There happened to be a bus nearby.
碰巧附近有辆公交车。
There appears to have been a nasty accident.
似乎发生了一起严重事故。

楼上的举例很不错，简单来说，你可以把goes看做是be动词，就成了there be 句型了，至于要用goes不用is 是因为goes更形象，我们还经常用stand,exist,lie等词代替be动词的位置，为的是表达更简洁形象。楼主说的这句不行，是因为going 并不是表示一个实在的意义，going the bell自然不知道表达的是什么~~
但愿你看懂了^^哈哈

goes放在这句话中是过去响了，或者正在响
going是还没有响，即将响

goes适合形容过去发生，并且还在继续
going适合准备发生，即将发生

Longman词典的解释：

there goes something/somebody (spoken English)
a) used when you see someone or something going past or away from you:
例：There goes a very worried man.
b) used to say that you can hear something such as a bell ringing:
例：There goes the phone. I'll answer it.
c) used when you are losing something, for example an opportunity or money, as a result of something that has just happened:
例：There go our chances of winning the championship.
例：There goes my career.

there be是这里有…这里有铃响了说不通。there goes the bell为特殊的倒装句。