聋哑人怎样识字?

老不认识字
2024-11-17 22:12:46
推荐回答(3个)
回答1:

  聋哑人耳不能听周围世界的声音,失去了学习与应用有声语言的天然条件。他们之间或者他们与普通人之间的交际自然地或者自发地运用了手语(或称手势语,面部表情加手势)。 这种自发的手语总是在小范围内进行。聋哑人的眼睛是正常的,他们跟普通人一样看得见字,因此可以学习并使用跟普通人同样的文字进行阅读,并跟普通人笔谈。就中国使用汉字的情况说,笔谈比起讲话来是非常缓慢和不方便的。使用拼音文字的民族,利用几十个字母的指式连续打下去就构成文字,交际起来方便得多,这叫指语。在中国,利用汉语拼音,就可以进行一般的指语交际。近代科学技术发达,或利用聋哑儿童的残余听力,或利用仪器设备(如助听器),或利用发音原理,取得口语和看话的效果。因此,聋哑人可能有4种语言交际手段:手语、文字、指语、口语看话。

  对聋哑儿童说,这4种语言教育手段都是不可缺少的,口语看话可以取得最广泛的社会交际能力,是聋哑人语言技能的最高造诣。手语是最现实、最迫切的社会交际手段。指语是学习普通文字(汉字)、普通话对话、提高手语质量所必须的辅助手段。汉字是全面掌握中国文化的钥匙。

  • 聋哑人的手语教学

  在聋哑人的语言教学的 4种形式中,手语占有优先的地位。接受教育者可以是汉字文盲,可以是指语文盲或者不会口语和看话的哑人,但是他不能不会手语,生活要求他必须一定程度地掌握某种手语。汉字和指语在学习和应用上都比手语费事和困难
得多,这就使得聋哑人之间一般总是靠打手势进行语言交际。由于手语的超方言以至超语种的性质,国际聋哑人协会得以作出手语型的国际通用聋哑语1500条供聋哑人在国际会议场合交谈,也作为国际会议的工作语言之一。

  • 聋哑人的口语教学

  当前聋哑人的语言教学,必须发挥信息科学的优势,开展声像教学。将无声世界提高到有声世界。利用聋哑人残余的听力,进行听觉训练和语言培训。聋哑人虽失去听觉,但是视觉、触觉和动觉等器官特别发达,利用多器官吸收教育信息,效能比正常人更为敏感。使用现代化多功能的电化教学设备,训练聋哑人学习语言和知识,是最科学最有效的方法。不仅直接学习发音、识字,并由图像得知文词的意义,培养语言表达能力,达到能说会听、聋而不哑的目的。当前,一般能做到聋儿能模仿健听人学会发音,并能分析一个音节的声韵母,记下一个汉字的音素,把说话、写话和懂话结合起来。在听力完全失灵或无高功率助听器帮助时,他们可以看口形了解语义,叫做看话。看话实际上是用眼睛了解一个字的音节结构并联系上下文了解话语,这样,聋哑人的语言,除借助于助听器外,实际上就是在说自己听不见但别人能听懂的话,看自己听不见但自己能懂的话。

回答2:

用“麦田拾字”卡片,让懂手语的人来解释卡片上图画的意思。

回答3:

弄是什么意思?

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