That主 suggests谓 that catch-up sleep may undo some but not all of the damage that sleep deprivation causes, which is encouraging, given how many adults don't get the hours they need each night宾语从句.
that引导词 catch-up sleep主 may undo谓 some宾 but not all of the damage并列宾语 that sleep deprivation causes, which is encouraging, given how many adults don't get the hours they need each night定语从句
that引导词 sleep deprivation主 causes谓, which is encouraging定语从句, given how many adults don't get the hours they need each night状语
given(prep. 考虑到) how many adults主 don't get谓 the hours宾 they need each night定语从句
how many引导宾语从句
译文:(来自有道)这表明补觉可能会抵消睡眠不足造成的部分损害,但不是全部。考虑到很多成年人每晚睡眠时间不足,这一点令人鼓舞。