Unit 1:
1. －What do you usually do on weekends?
－I usually go to the movies.
2. －What does he sometimes do on weekends?
－He sometimes surfs the Internet.
3. How often do you exercise?
I exercise once a week.
4. How often does she eat vegetables?
She eats vegetables three times a day.
5. Most of the students go to the beach every year.
6. It makes a big difference to my grades.
7. My eating habits are pretty good.
Unit 2:
1. What’s the matter?
What’s wrong?
What’s the trouble?
2. I’m not feeling well. I have a cold / fever/ stomachache / sore throat.
/I have a lot of headaches.
3. Maybe you should see the doctor / dentist.
You should drink some hot tea with honey.
4. You shouldn’t eat anything for 24 hours.
5. Don’t get stressed out. It will make you sick.
6. I’m sorry to hear that you are not feeling well.
Unit 3
1. －What is she doing for vacation?
－She is babysitting her little sister.
－That sounds nice / interesting.
2. －When are you going?
－I’m going on Monday.
3. －Where are they going?
－They are going to Tibet.
4. －Who is she going with?
－She is going with her parents.
5. －How long is he staying.
－He is staying for a week.
6. －How is the weather there?
－I’m hoping the weather will be nice.
7. He is leaving for Hong Kong the first week in June.
8. Have a good time.
Unit 4:
1. －How do you get to school?
－I get to school by bus.
2. －How does he go to work?
－He usually walks to school.
3. －How long does it take?
－It takes about twenty minutes.
4. －How far is it from his home to school?
－It’s three miles.
5. What do you think of the transportation in your town?
Unit 5:
1. －Can you come to my party on Wednesday?
－Sure, I’d love to. / I’m sorry, I have to have a piano lesson.
2. －Can she go to the movies on Saturday?
－No, she can’t. She has to help her mom.
3. －Can you go to the concert on Monday?
－When is it?
－It’s at four o’clock on Friday.
4. Thanks a lot for the invitation.
5. I’m going to study for a test this evening.
6. What’s the date today?
Unit 6
1. Pedro is funnier than Paul.
2. Tina is （a little）taller than Tara.
3. I am more athletic than my best friend.
4. My hair is longer than hers.
5. Liu Ying is not as good as her sister.
6. In some ways, we look the same.
7. For me, a good friend likes doing the same things as me.
8. I’m quieter than most of the kids in my class, and so is my friend.
9. Who do you think should get the job, Ruth or Rose?
IV. Grammar语法：
Unit 1:
1. 表频率的词汇和短语：
always usually often never hardly ever
sometimes seldom once a day twice a month
three times a week every two weeks once in a while
2. 做事情的频率（how often you do things）:
－What do you usually do in the morning?
－I usually read English books. Sometimes I walk in the garden.
I hardly ever exercise. I eat vegetables twice a week, but I never eat junk food.
3. 如何提问频率“多久一次”
－How often does he play tennis?
－He plays tennis every day.
－How often do you drink milk?
－I drink milk once a day.
－How often do they go to the movies?
－Sometimes.
Unit 2:
1. 询问别人身体状况：
What’s wrong with you?
What’s the matter with you?
What’s the trouble?
2. 提出建议（give advice and make suggestions）
－What’s wrong with you?
－I have a headache.
－You should go to bed and have a rest. You shouldn’t work late.
－I have a fever.
－You should drink a lot of water. You shouldn’t be stressed out.
Unit 3：
一般将来时：
1. 现在进行时“be+动词ing”可以用来表示一个在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作。
－What are you doing for vacation?
－I’m visiting Tibet.
－Where are you going on May Day?
－I’m going to the beach.
－How many students are coming to out party tomorrow?
－Fifty.
2. “be going to +动词原形”表示主观打算去做某事，表示“人”打算，计划，决定要去做的事。
They are going to travel in China.
Look at the clouds! It is going to rain.
－Are you going to be a teacher when you grow up?
－Yes, I am.
3. 用“shall＋动词原形”或“will＋动词原形”表示一般将来时。
（shall只用于第一人称）
We shall go to the beach this Sunday.
My brother will finish middle school in a year.
These birds won’t fly to the south in winter.
When will they begin the work?
Unit 4：
谈论如何到达某地，以及以何种方式到达某地。
－How do you get to the museum?
－I get to the museum by subway. Sometimes I ride my bike to the museum.
注意区别：
（1）take the bus = go by bus
eg: I take the bus to get to school.
= I get to school by bus.
take the train = go by train
eg: He takes the train to go to school.
He gets to school by train.
take the subway = go by subway
take a taxi = go by taxi
go in a car = go by car
ride a bike = go by bike
walk = go on foot
How引导的疑问句：
1. How does Lucia get to work? （提问方式“如何”）
2. Dave is going to travel to Paris by plane. How long does it take?
（提问时间长短“多长时间”）
3. How far is it from the post office to the museum?
（提问距离“多远”）
4. How often does Kate swim in the river? （提问频率“多久一次”）
5. How old is the little boy? （提问年龄“多大”）
6. How many cows are there? （提问数量“多少”many后跟可数名词）
7. How much water is there in the bottle?
（提问数量“多少”much后跟不可数名词）
8. How much is the doll?
（提问价钱“多少钱”）
9. How tall is his teacher?
（提问高度“多高”）
10. How was the weather?
（提问程度“怎样”）
Unit 5
情态动词“can”表示可能性，或现在决定将来的事。
练习用“Can …? ”发出邀请，接受或拒绝并给出原因：
－Can you come to my party on Monday?
－Sure, I’d love to. / Sorry, I can’t. I have to study for a test.
－Can she go to the movies?
－No, she can’t. She has to do her homework.
－Can he go to the football game tomorrow?
－No, he can’t. He has a driving lessons.
－Can they go to the concert tonight?
－No, they can’t. They are visiting their uncle.
Unit 6:
形容词比较级：
形容词比较级是用来表示事物的等级差别。
I. 形容词比较级的构成：
规则变化：
1. 一般单音节词末尾加－er。
tall－taller great－greater
2. 以不发音的e结尾的单音节词和少数以－le结尾的双音节词只加－r。
nice－nicer large－larger able－abler
3. 以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节单音节词，双写结尾的辅音字母，再加－er。
big－bigger hot－hotter
4. “辅音字母＋y”结尾的双音节词，改y为i，再加－er。
easy－easier busy－busier
5. 少数以－er，－ow结尾的双音节词末尾加－er.
clever－cleverer narrow－narrower
6. 其他双音节词和多音节词，在前面加more来构成比较级。
important－more important beautiful－more beautiful
不规则变化：
good－better
well（健康的）－better
bad－worse ill－worse
old－older / elder
many－more
much－more
little（少的）－less
far（远的）－farther / further
II. 比较级句型：
1. 比较级＋than … …比…较为
A ＋动词＋形容词比较级＋than＋B.
两者相比较，A比B更…一些。
I am older than you.
Mary is happier than Jane.
His brother is younger than I（me）.
Beijing is more beautiful than Wuhan.
My sister has longer hair than Tara.
Her mother is thinner than her father.
Jack is taller than Tom.
2. as…as
A+动词+as+形容词原级+as+B.表示A和B两者比较，程度相同，“…和…相同”。
My uncle is as tall as your father.
Tom is as honest as John.
My dog is as old as that one.
A…＋not＋as＋形容词原级＋as＋B 表示A，B两者程度不同，即A不如B那么…
My uncle is not as tall as your father.
Tom is not as honest as John.
This jacket is not as cheap as that one.
3. the same as 与…相同。
My friend is the same as me. We are both quiet.
A good friend likes to do the same things as me.
新目标英语八年级上学期重点句型复习精要
1. How often do you exercise? I exercise twice a week.
2. How often does he go shopping? He goes shopping once a month.
3. What do you usually do on weekends? I often go to the movies.
4. What does she usually do on weekends? She sometimes go hiking.
5. I try to eat a lot of vegetables; I think it's good for my health.
6. What's the matter? I have a cold. I' sorry to hear that.
7. I'm not feeling well; I hope you feel better soon.
8. She has a toothache, she should see a dentist.
9. It's important to eat a balanced diet.
10. Everyone gets tired sometimes.
11. What are you doing for vacation? I'm babysitting my sister.
12. When are you going? I'm going on the 12th.
13. I'm going to Tibet for a week. ------ Have a good time.
14. How long are you staying? For about three weeks.
14. Who are you going with? I'm going with my friends.
15. How's the weather? = what's the weather like? It's sunny today.
16. This time I want to do something different.
17. He thought about going to Greens or Spain. But decide on Canada.
18. He plans to have a very relaxing vacation.
19. Can I ask you some question about your vacation? Yes, sure.
20. She's leaving for Hong Kong on Tuesday.
21. How do you get to school? I get to school by subway. = I take the subway to school.
22. How long does it take? It takes about forty minutes.
23. How far do you live from school? I live ten miles from school
24. Can you come to my birthday party on Friday? Yes, sure, Sorry, I can't.
25. I'm more outgoing than my sister.
26. My friend is the same as me.
27. Liu Ying isn't as good at sports as her sister.
28. She's a little more popular than me.
29. We are both quiet. We both have black eyes and black hair. We both enjoy going to parties.
30. He is good at school work; She is good at playing basketball.
31. I think a good friend can make me laugh.
32. I like to have friends who are like me. I like to have friends who are different from me.
33. How do you make a banana smoothie? Peel three bananas, cut up the bananas, put the bananas and the yogurt into the blender, pour the milk into the blender, turn on the blender, drink the smoothie.
34. How many tomatoes do we need? We need two tomatoes.
35. How much cinnamon do we need? We need two teaspoons of cinnamon.
36. Finally mix it all up.
37. Put some relish on a slice of bread.
38. Here's a recipe for a great turkey sandwich.
39. How was your school trip? It was really boring.
40. Did you go to the zoo? No. I didn't. I went to aquarium.
41. Were there any sharks? No, there weren't. but there were some really smart seals.
42. Did Tina buy a souvenir? No, she didn't, her friend Grace bought a souvenir.
43. Tina met a famous actor.
45. Tina got Jack Denis's autograph.
46. Class 9 had a great time on the school trip.
47. How was your day off? It was really boring.
48. Did you have fun camping?49. I didn't have a very fun day.
49. Maria won the first prize in yesterday's singing competition,
50. When was he born? He was born in 1973.
51. Who's that? That's Deng Yaping, she's a great Chinese ping pong player.
52. How long did Charles Smith hiccup? He hiccupped for 69years and 5 month.
53. When did he start sneezing? He sneezed in 1922.
54. You're never too young to start doing things.
55. Mozart started writing music when he was four years old.
56. Who's Shirley Temple? She's a movie star.
57. When did she become a movie star? She became a movie star when she was three years old.
58. How old were you when you first went to a movie? She first went to a movie when she was three years old.
59. She started ice skating when she was four.
60. I saw her play when I was eight. She toured the US when she was fourteen.
61. He started to learn the piano when he was seven. He began to learn the accordion at the age of four.
62. What are you going to be when you grow up? I am going to be a computer programmer.
63. How are you going to do that? I'm going to study computer science
64. I'm going to move somewhere interesting. I'm going to find a part-time job. I'm going to study French at the same time.
65. I'm going to travel all over the world. I'm going to somewhere quiet and beautiful.
66. Could you please clean your room? Yes, sure.
67. Could you take out the trash? Yes, I can/ No, I can't.
68. I hate to do chores. I hate doing the dishes, it's so boring.
69. Thanks a lot for taking care of my dog?
70. Don't forget to clean his bed.
71. What's the best radio station? What's the best movie theater? It's the cheapest, it has the most comfortable seats.
72. Who's the best performer? Eliza was the best performer.
73. Last week's talent show was a great success.
75. What did you learn in school today? I learned English, Chinese and math
】
教版八年级物理上复习提纲
（1）声现象
1．物理学是研究声、光、热、电、力等的物理现象。
2．声音是由物体的振动产生的。声音的传播需要介质。真空不能传递声音。
3．声音的三大特性：
①音调：由物体振动的频率决定，频率越快，音调越高。
②响度：由物体振动的幅度决定，振幅越大，响度越大。
③音色：由物体的材料和结构决定，不同物体的音色不同。
4．人们听到声音的基本过程：
①鼓膜的振动 → 听小骨及其他组织 → 听觉神经→ 大脑
②颌骨、头骨 → 听觉神经 → 大脑
5．声音的作用：传递信息和传递能量（能举例说明）
6．凡是影响人们正常的学习和生活的声音都是噪声。为了保护听力，声音不能超过90dB；为了保证工作和学习，声音不能超过70dB；为了保证休息和睡眠，声音不能超过50 dB。
（2）物态变化
1．温度：物体的冷热程度叫温度。单位：摄氏度（ ℃ ） 规定：冰水混合物的温度 —— 0℃ ； 沸水的温度 —— 100℃
2．温度计的原理：利用液体的热胀冷缩性质制成的。常用的液体有水银、酒精、煤油等。 3．温度计的使用：一看：使用前要先看清温度计的量程和分度值；二放：玻璃泡全部浸没在液体中，不能碰到容器底和容器壁；
三读：
○1待温度计示数稳定后再读数；
○2读数时玻璃泡不能离开液面；
○3读数时眼睛要与温度计液柱上表面相平。
4．体温计：量程：35℃～42℃；分度值：0.1℃ ； 使用前要将水银甩下去。
5．物态变化物质由固态变成液态的过程叫熔化；熔化要吸热。 物质由液态变成固态的过程叫凝固；凝固要放热。 物质由液态变成气态的过程叫汽化；汽化要吸热。物质由气态变成液态的过程叫液化；液化要放热。物质由固态变成气态的过程叫升华；升华要吸热。物质由气态变成固态的过程叫凝华；凝华要放热。
6．常见的晶体有冰、海波、各种金属；非晶体有蜡、沥青、松香、玻璃等。要求能判别出晶体与非晶体的熔化和凝固图象。
7．晶体在熔化过程中要吸热，但温度不变；在凝固过程中要放热，但温度不变；同种晶体的熔点和凝固点相同。非晶体在熔化过程中要吸热,温度不断上升；在凝固过程中要放热，温度不断下降。
8．汽化有两种方式：沸腾和蒸发。
○1沸腾：
a．定义：在一定温度下，在液体表面和内部同时发生的剧烈汽化现象。
b．沸腾条件：①达到沸点； ②继续吸热。
c．沸腾时的特点：液体在沸腾时要吸热，但温度不变
○2蒸发：
a．定义：在任何温度下，只发生在液体表面的气化现象。
b．影响蒸发快慢的因素： 液体表面空气流动的快慢：空气流动越快，蒸发越快； 液体温度的高低：温度越高，蒸发越快； 液体表面积的大小：表面积越大，蒸发越快。
c．蒸发有致冷的作用。
8．液化有两种方式：降低温度和压缩体积
9．能解释日常生活中各种物态变化现象。如：雾、露水、霜、冰雹、雪的形成、各种“白气”、窗边的冰花、卫生球变小、灯管变黑、灯丝变细、冰化成水、铁水涛成钢件等。
10．水的沸点与大气压有关：气压越高，沸点越高。（海拔越高，气压越高，沸点越高。）
1）声现象
1．物理学是研究声、光、热、电、力等的物理现象。
2．声音是由物体的振动产生的。声音的传播需要介质。真空不能传递声音。
3．声音的三大特性：
①音调：由物体振动的频率决定，频率越快，音调越高。
②响度：由物体振动的幅度决定，振幅越大，响度越大。
③音色：由物体的材料和结构决定，不同物体的音色不同。
4．人们听到声音的基本过程：
①鼓膜的振动 → 听小骨及其他组织 → 听觉神经→ 大脑
②颌骨、头骨 → 听觉神经 → 大脑
5．声音的作用：传递信息和传递能量（能举例说明）
6．凡是影响人们正常的学习和生活的声音都是噪声。为了保护听力，声音不能超过90dB；为了保证工作和学习，声音不能超过70dB；为了保证休息和睡眠，声音不能超过50 dB。
（2）物态变化
1．温度：物体的冷热程度叫温度。单位：摄氏度（ ℃ ） 规定：冰水混合物的温度 —— 0℃ ； 沸水的温度 —— 100℃
2．温度计的原理：利用液体的热胀冷缩性质制成的。常用的液体有水银、酒精、煤油等。 3．温度计的使用：一看：使用前要先看清温度计的量程和分度值；二放：玻璃泡全部浸没在液体中，不能碰到容器底和容器壁；
三读：
○1待温度计示数稳定后再读数；
○2读数时玻璃泡不能离开液面；
○3读数时眼睛要与温度计液柱上表面相平。
4．体温计：量程：35℃～42℃；分度值：0.1℃ ； 使用前要将水银甩下去。
5．物态变化物质由固态变成液态的过程叫熔化；熔化要吸热。 物质由液态变成固态的过程叫凝固；凝固要放热。 物质由液态变成气态的过程叫汽化；汽化要吸热。物质由气态变成液态的过程叫液化；液化要放热。物质由固态变成气态的过程叫升华；升华要吸热。物质由气态变成固态的过程叫凝华；凝华要放热。
6．常见的晶体有冰、海波、各种金属；非晶体有蜡、沥青、松香、玻璃等。要求能判别出晶体与非晶体的熔化和凝固图象。
7．晶体在熔化过程中要吸热，但温度不变；在凝固过程中要放热，但温度不变；同种晶体的熔点和凝固点相同。非晶体在熔化过程中要吸热,温度不断上升；在凝固过程中要放热，温度不断下降。
8．汽化有两种方式：沸腾和蒸发。
○1沸腾：
a．定义：在一定温度下，在液体表面和内部同时发生的剧烈汽化现象。
b．沸腾条件：①达到沸点； ②继续加热。
c．沸腾时的特点：液体在沸腾时要吸热，但温度不变
○2蒸发：
a．定义：在任何温度下，只发生在液体表面的气化现象。
b．影响蒸发快慢的因素： 液体表面空气流动的快慢：空气流动越快，蒸发越快； 液体温度的高低：温度越高，蒸发越快； 液体表面积的大小：表面积越大，蒸发越快。
c．蒸发有致冷的作用。
8．液化有两种方式：降低温度和压缩体积
9．能解释日常生活中各种物态变化现象。如：雾、露水、霜、冰雹、雪的形成、各种“白气”、窗边的冰花、卫生球变小、灯管变黑、灯丝变细、冰化成水、铁水涛成钢件等。
10．水的沸点与大气压有关：气压越高，沸点越高。（海拔越高，气压越高，沸点越高。）
（3）光现象
1． 光在真空中的传播速度： c = 3 × 10 8 m/s
2．声音在空气中传播速度： v = 340 m/s
3．元电荷： e = 1.6 × 10 –19 C 二．要点知识
1．光在同种均匀介质中沿直线传播。（如：激光引导掘进隧道、日食、月食的形成、影子的形成、瞄准时用到的“三点一线”、小孔成像等都是运用光的直线传播原理得到的。）
2．光源：
○1自然光源：如水母、太阳、萤火虫等。
○2人造光源：如电灯、手电筒、蜡烛等。（注意：不月亮是光源）
3．光的三原色：红、绿、蓝。
4．光在任何物体的表面都会发生反射。
5．光的反射定律：
①入射光线、法线、反射光线在同一平面内（三线同面）
②入射光线、反射光线分居法线两侧。
③反射角i=入射角r
光的折射规律：
①光从空气进入其他介质时，折射光线向法线偏折。
②光从其他介质进入空气时，折射光线远离法线。平面镜成像特点：
①像与物体的大小相等（等大）
②像到平面镜的距离等于物到平面镜的距离（等距）
③像与物体的连线与平面镜垂直。（垂直）
④平面镜成的像是虚像。（虚像）
6．在光的反射现象和折射现象中，光路都是可逆的。
7．反射有两种：镜面反射和漫反射（能举例说明）
8．红外线的作用 紫外线的作用。
① 红外线摇控
①杀菌作用
②红外线夜视仪
②使荧光物质发光来判断物质的真假
③探测病人的健康情况
③促进维生素D的合成，帮助钙的吸收
9．光谱太阳光分解成为：红、橙、黄、绿、蓝、靛、紫。
（4）透镜及其应用
1．凸透镜：中间厚，边缘薄。
2．凹透镜：中间薄，边缘厚。
3．凸透镜对光有会聚作用，凹透镜对光有发散作用。
4．能找出主光轴、焦点、焦距。
5．物距（u）→物体到凸透镜的距离。像距（v）→像到凸透镜的距离。凸透镜成像规律：物距与焦距关系 像距与焦距关系 像的正、倒 像的大、小 像的虚、实 u>2f f
7．知道近视眼和远视眼形成的原因。 矫正：近视眼用凹透镜矫正（凹透镜为负）；远视眼用凸透镜矫正（凸透镜为正）。
8．透镜焦度：Φ=1 / f （ f →焦距
语文只考课外阅读，数学只考前两章，英语只考unit1---unit5
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