求西班牙超现实主义画家达利的英文简介

萨尔瓦多·达利(Salvador Dali)超现实主义绘画大师级人物。
于1904年5月11日出生于西班牙东北部的加泰隆尼亚省的菲格拉斯城。1989年1月23日逝世.西班牙超现实主义画家和版画家,享有“当代艺术魔法大师”的盛誉。他所创造的奇怪、梦艺般的形象，不仅启发了人们的想象力、诱发人们的幻觉，且以非凡的力量，吸引着观赏者的视觉焦点，更是以探索潜意识的意象著称.与毕加索,马蒂斯一起被认为是二十世纪最有代表性的三个画家.
他的童年和青少年时代非常活跃，这对于他后来的生涯尤其重要；这个时期的一些轶事，无论真实与否，都是他以后许多持续不变的形象的基础，他与父母及妻子加拉的关系对于他的艺术个性的形成具有决定性的作用。达利总是热爱着他儿时的风景环绕菲格拉斯城的大平原和有橄榄林与尖秃岩石的加泰隆尼亚海岸。这些古老令人伤感的风景不仅作为背景而且也作为有生命的存在进入了他的绘画。"除了毕加索，萨尔瓦多·达利也许是最为知名但这并不是说得到了高度的评价的二十世纪画家"。他能在不同领域、不同年龄与阶级、鉴赏品位各异的人们心目中，拥有历久不衰的美誉。足见他对当代艺术影响之深且大。
----------------达利和“超现实主义绘画” -----------------
内战的预感超现实主义绘画是西方现代文艺中影响最为广泛的运动之一，达利作为该运动在美术领域的主要代表，一直是人们关注和争论的对象。"我同疯子的唯一区别，在于我不是疯子","每天早晨醒来，我都在体验一次极度的快乐，那就是成为达利的快乐……"。不用看达利高高翘向天穹的胡子，不用观赏他充满奇思怪想的作品，单是这些不同凡响的妙语，就足使你想象得出他是个什么样的人。达利的盛誉主要归结于他自我推销的天分，但更应归功于他富于奇想的特殊才能。他的奇思怪想源自于生命中难以捕捉的素材，如性、死亡、变态、苍穹。他惯用不合逻辑地并列事物的方法。将受情感激发产生的灵感转变为创作过程，将自己内心的荒诞、怪异加入外在的客观世界，将人们熟悉的东西扭曲滑锋游变形，再以精细的写真技术加以肯定，使幻想具有真基念实性。达利始终宣称自己是现代艺术文化的救世主，每天都在创造丰功伟绩，取得划时代的胜利：前往巴黎、遇见加拉、爱情田园诗、超现实主义革命……
达利是一位具有卓越天才和想象力的画家 .在把梦境的主观世界变成客观而令人激动的形象方面,他对超现实主义,对20世纪的艺术做出了严肃认真的贡献.达利的一生充满了传奇色彩.除了他的绘画,他的文章,口才,动作,相貌以及胡须均给欣赏他的人们留下了扑朔迷离的印象.
达利年轻时在马德里和巴塞罗那学习美术,曾兼收并蓄多种艺术风格,显示出作为画家的非凡技能.但是,直到20世纪20年代末期,才由两件事情促使其画风日臻成熟.一是他发现了弗洛伊德的关于性爱对于潜意识意象的重要著作;二是他结交了一群才华横溢的巴黎超现实主义者,这群艺术家和作家努力证明人的潜意识是超乎理性之上信销的"更为重大的现实".
为从潜意识心灵中产生意象,达利开始用一种自称为"偏执狂临界状态"的方法,在自己的身上诱发幻觉境界.达利发现这一方法后,画风异常迅速成熟,1929～1937年间所作的画使他成为世界最著名的超现实主义艺术家.在他所描绘的梦境中,以一种稀奇古怪,不合情理的方式,将普通物像并列,扭曲或者变形.达利对这些物像的描绘精细入微,几乎达到毫发不差的逼真程度,通常将它们放在十分荒凉但阳光明媚的风景里,令人联想到他的故乡加泰罗尼亚地区.在这些谜语一般的意象中,最有名的大概是《记忆的永恒》(1931)——
《记忆的永恒》《记忆的永恒》，达利作，1931年，布上油画，24x33厘米，纽约现代艺术博物馆藏。作于1931年的油画《记忆的永恒》典型地体现了达利早期的超现实主义画风。画面展现的是一片空旷的海滩，海滩上躺着一只似马非马的怪物，它的前部又像是一个只有眼睫毛、鼻子和舌头荒诞地组合在一起的人头残部；怪物的一旁有一个平台，平台上长着一棵枯死的树；而最令人惊奇的是出现在这幅画中的好几只钟表都变成了柔软的有延展性的东西，它们显得软塌塌的，或挂在树枝上，或搭在平台上，或披在怪物的背上，好像这些用金属、玻璃等坚硬物质制成的钟表在太久的时间中已经疲惫不堪了，于是都松垮下来。达利承认自己在《记忆的永恒》这幅画中表现了一种由弗洛伊德所揭示的个人梦境与幻觉，是自己不加选择，并且尽可能精密地记下自己的下意识，自己的梦的每一个意念的结果。而为了寻找这种超现实的幻觉，他曾去精神病院了解患病人的意识，认为他们的言论和行动往往是一种潜意识世界的最真诚的反映。达利运用他那熟练的技巧精心刻画那些离奇的形象和细节，创造了一种引起幻觉的真实感，令观众看到一个在现实生活中根本看不到的离奇而有趣的景象，体验一下精神病人式的对现实世界秩序的解脱，这也许是超现实主义绘画的真正的魅力所在。而达利的这种将幻觉的意象与魔幻的现实主义作对比的手法，更使得他的画在所有超现实主义作品中最广为人知。
达利还与西班牙电影导演L-布努埃尔共同制作两部超现实主义影片,即《安达鲁的狗》(1928)和《黄金时代》(1930),同样充满怪诞的但富于暗示的意象.20世纪30年代末,在文艺复兴画家拉斐尔的影响下,达利的绘画转趋比较古典的风格,并因此而被超现实派开除.此后,他花费大量时间设计舞台布景,时髦商店内部装饰以及珠宝饰物.在1950～1970年间他有许多宗教题材的绘画作品,但仍探索性爱主题,描绘童年记忆,并且让妻子加拉成为这些题材的中心形象.这些晚期绘画虽然技法纯熟,但客观评价低于其早期作品.在达利的著作中,最有趣味和揭露隐秘的是《萨尔瓦多-达利的秘密生活》(1942～1944).他的许多作品中充满了暴力和对传统社会禁欲主义的批判.代表作有《记忆的永恒》,《悍妇与月亮》,《内战的预兆》等.
为了获得自相矛盾的视觉形象，他通常都十分细致，精确地用十分斜视的手法描绘这些创造的形象，也许正是这种一丝不苟的现实主义笔法，正是这些清晰存在却非真实的形象才是如此令人不安的原因。
在达利长达70年的艺术生涯里，可谓做尽了让我们瞪目结舌的事。在那些怪事和怪诞言论里，给"巨匠们打分"已经成为达利的品牌。在西班牙绘画史上，他与委拉斯凯茨、戈雅、米罗、毕加索等绘画大师一同辉映着西班牙俊美的天空，传奇着西班牙的绘画史。
还有他那双目空一切的眼睛无时无刻不在忧郁地注视着这个世界……

推荐你看下《少许灰烬》，讲述达利灶哗和诗人维德里戈的爱情故事握败，画面唯美，感情处理的很细腻，音乐也很隐皮行是好听的，顶

Salvador Dalí , 1st Marquis of Púbol (May 11, 1904 – January 23, 1989) was a Spanish Catalan surrealist painter born in Figueres.

Dalí (Spanish pronunciation: [daˈli]) was a skilled draftsman, best known for the striking and bizarre images in his surrealist work. His painterly skills are often attributed to the influence of Renaissance masters.[1][2] His best-known work, The Persistence of Memory, was completed in 1931. Dalí's expansive artistic repertoire includes film, sculpture, and photography, in collaboration with a range of artists in a variety of media.

Dalí attributed his "love of everything that is gilded and excessive, my passion for luxury and my love of oriental clothes"[3] to a self-styled "Arab lineage," claiming that his ancestors were descended from the Moors.

Dalí was highly imaginative, and also had an affinity for partaking in unusual and grandiose behavior, in order to draw attention to himself. This sometimes irked those who loved his art as much as it annoyed his critics, since his eccentric manner sometimes drew more public attention than his artwork.[4]

A flamboyant painter and sometime writer, sculptor and experimental film-maker, Salvador Dali was probably the greatest Surrealist artist, using bizarre dream imagery to create unforgettable and unmistakable landscapes of his inner world. His most famous work is The Persistence Of Memory.

Dali often clashed with André Breton and other members of the "official" Surrealist circle over the content of his paintings and the right-wing views he sometimes espoused, and was kicked out of the group in 1934. Breton coined a brilliant anagram for Dali's name: Avida Dollars (which more or less translates to "Eager for Dollars"); Dali shot back, The only difference between me and the Surrealists is that I am a Surrealist.

http://www.artcyclopedia.com/artists/dali_salvador.html

http://daligallery.com/

Salvador Dalí
Date of Birth:11 May 1904, Figueres, Girona, Catalonia, Spain more
Date of Death:23 January 1989, Figueres, Girona, Catalonia, Spain more
Mini Biography:Surrealist-turned-catholic painter Dalí worked on various movies as well... more
Trivia:He included his wife, Gala Dalí, as a central character in many of... more
STARmeter: Up 3% in popularity this week. See why on IMDbPro.
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Alternate Names:Salvador Dali | Dali

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Filmography
Jump to filmography as: Writer, Actor, Director, Set Decorator, Costume Designer, Art Department, Thanks, Self, Archive Footage
Writer:
2000s
1930s
1920s
Destino (2003) (story)
Babaouo (2000) (novel)

L'âge d'or (1930) (scenario) (as Dali)
... aka Age of Gold (International: English title: literal title)
... aka The Golden Age (USA)

Un chien andalou (1929) (scenario) (as Salvador Dali)
... aka An Andalusian Dog (USA)

Actor:
1970s
1920s
Aussi loin que l'amour (1971)
... aka As Far as Love Can Go (International: English title)

Un chien andalou (1929) (uncredited) .... Seminarist
... aka An Andalusian Dog (USA)

Director:
Impressions de la haute Mongolie (1976)

Set Decorator:
Don Juan Tenorio (1952)

Costume Designer:
Don Juan Tenorio (1952)

Art Department:
Spellbound (1945) (designer: dream sequence) (as Salvador Dali)
... aka Alfred Hitchcock's Spellbound (USA: promotional title)

Thanks:
2000s
1980s
El sueño Doppler (2007) (in memory of)

Garlic Is As Good As Ten Mothers (1980) (special thanks)

Self:
2000s
1980s
1970s
1960s
1950s
1930s
50 y más (2005) (TV) (also archive footage) .... Himself

Catalans universals (1980) .... Himself

"Imágenes" .... Himself (1 episode, 1979)
- Episode dated 29 May 1979 (1979) TV episode .... Himself
"V.I.P.-Schaukel" .... Himself (2 episodes, 1971-1979)
- Episode #9.1 (1979) TV episode .... Himself
- Episode #1.1 (1971) TV episode .... Himself
Dalí en Avignon (1978) .... Himself
"A fondo" .... Himself (1 episode, 1977)
- Episode dated 27 November 1977 (1977) TV episode .... Himself
Impressions de la haute Mongolie (1976) .... Himself
"Aquarius" .... Himself (1 episode, 1973)
- Hello Dali! (1973) TV episode .... Himself
Salvador Dalí (1970) .... Himself
... aka A Soft Self-Portrait (USA: video title)
... aka Soft Self-Portrait of Salvador Dali (USA)

Screen Test #4 (1966) (uncredited) .... Himself
Salvador Dalí (1966) .... Himself
Screen Test #3 (1966) (uncredited) .... Himself
... aka Suicide (USA)
"Dim Dam Dom" .... Himself (1 episode, 1965)
- Episode dated 28 October 1965 (1965) TV episode .... Himself
Screen Test #2 (1965) (uncredited) .... Himself
Screen Test #1 (1965) (uncredited) .... Himself
"I've Got a Secret" .... Himself - Contestant (1 episode, 1963)
- Episode dated 25 February 1963 (1963) TV episode .... Himself - Contestant

"What's My Line?" .... Mystery Guest (2 episodes, 1952-1957)
- Episode dated 27 January 1957 (1957) TV episode .... Mystery Guest
- Episode dated 20 January 1952 (1952) TV episode .... Mystery Guest
"The Name's the Same" .... Guest / ... (2 episodes, 1954-1955)
- Episode dated 3 January 1955 (1955) TV episode .... Himself/Guest
- Episode dated 19 January 1954 (1954) TV episode .... Himself/Guest
"Person to Person" .... Himself (1 episode, 1954)
- Episode #2.18 (1954) TV episode .... Himself
Moires: Dali/Oster Newsreel (1954) (as Dali) .... Himself

Noticiario de cine club (1930)

Archive Footage:
"Memòries de la tele"
- Episode #3.26 (2009) TV episode .... Himself
- Episode #3.22 (2009) TV episode .... Himself
- Episode #2.33 (2008) TV episode .... Himself
- Episode #1.3 (2007) TV episode .... Himself
Pepín Bello (2008) .... Himself
Catalunya.cat (2008) (TV) (uncredited) .... Himself
"La tele de tu vida"
- Episode #1.23 (2007) TV episode .... Himself
Andy Warhol: A Documentary Film (2006) .... Himself
Who Gets to Call It Art? (2006) .... Himself
Cineastes en acció (2005) .... Himself
Edouard VIII d'Angleterre (2005) (TV) .... Himself
Tage und Nächte in Paris (2004) (TV) .... Himself
Salvador Dalì: Live to Not Die (2004) (TV) .... Himself
Gala (2003) .... Himself
"SexTV"
- Wild Women Don't Have the Blues/The Muse (2002) TV episode .... Himself
Andy Warhol: The Complete Picture (2002) (TV) .... Himself
"This Is Your Life"
- Rick Wakeman (1998) TV episode .... Himself
Imagine: John Lennon (1988) .... Himself
The 1950's: Music, Memories & Milestones (1988) (V) .... Himself
Margret Dünser, auf der Suche nach den Besonderen (1981) (TV) .... Himself
Canciones para después de una guerra (1976) (uncredited) .... Himself
España puerta abierta (1972) .... Himself
The Other World of Winston Churchill (1964) (TV) (uncredited) .... Himself (gesticulates wildly)

用英文上“维基百科(Wikipedia)”找Salvador Dali即可。