英语一个句子中的各种成分

英语句子中的八大成分
目的：1.帮助理解句子 2.帮助组织句子
概述： 1.英语句子的成分有8
2.句子由各成分组合而成
3.主语和谓语动词是句子的必要成分
1.谓语动词 2 .主语 3.宾语 4.表语
5.定语 6.状语 7.补语 8.同位语
1.谓语动词（predicate verb）
说明主语的动作或状态；有动词或动词短语充当：

u We study English.

2.主语（subject）表示描述的是“谁”或是“什么”，是谓语的陈述对象；
u 通常有名词\代词\动词不定式，动名词或从句等担任
u The sun rises in the east.
u To refuse him is not easy this time. =It is not easy to refuse him this time
u Reading a foreign language is easier. =It is easier reading a foreign language
u That he will come is certain. = It is certain that he will come.

3.宾语(object)，是放在动词或介词之后，完成其意义的一个成分；
通常由名\代动词不定式 \ v-ing或从句等担任
u We love china.
u They live in a lonely village.
u He has finished doing his homework.
u He taught me how to learn English.
u I found that he was wrong.

4.表语（predicative）说名主语的性质特征状态身分，通常出现在系动词之后。
u通常由名词\代词\数词\介词短语\动词不定式\ v_ing或从句充当
uWe are Chinese.
uTo see is to believe.
uMy hope is that he is soon well again.

⒌定语(attributive)修饰或限定名词或代词用的；
通常由形容词\代\数\介词短语\动词不定式\v-ing\过去分词或从句充当:
uThere is a warm room to live in.
u I know the man standing there.
u Is there anything planned for tonight.
uWe reached the place where he lives.

6.状语(adverbial)修饰动词形容词副词或整个句子用的；
通常由副词\介词短语\动词不定式\v-ing或从句担任:
u He runs fast.
u I am very happy.
u My aunt will come back in three days.
u They stood there waiting for the bus.
u He will phone you as soon as he comes back.
7.补语(complement)补充和说明主语或宾语用的；
通常由形容词\名词\代词\数词\v-ing不定式等担任：
u We elected him monitor.
u I helped her to carry a heavy box.
u Mr.Smith wants his son to become a lawyer.
u I saw a girl running to me.

通常由名词\代词\或从句担任：
– this is Mr. Zhou , our headmaster.
– We heard the news that our team had won

主语，谓语，宾语，表语，定语，状语，补语，同位语

主语 谓语，宾语，定语，状语，宾补