超光速运动的解释

2025-03-20 21:00:21
推荐回答(1个)
回答1:

对此现象的解释相当简单直接,即“光行时间效应”(light travel time effect)。想象一小团物质从银河系(星系)中心出发,并且朝向你极快速地移动,几乎是迎面而来。
当这团块还在银河中心时,它发出一些朝向你的光。在它移向你后(并且一点点偏向侧边),并且又再次向你发光,这次的光会花上比较短的时间向你行进,以其离你较近。如果你忽略了这项事实,那麼你就会低估了真正的时间间隔(就你的惯性参考系而言),因此你会高估速率。
换句话说,若你要计算团块移动多快,却假设它移动方向垂直于你与银河间的连接线,那麼你就会低估时间间隔,因为你忽略了事实上它也朝你移动,而得到数倍于光速的速率。
这现象常见于两个反向的喷流,一道远离我们,一道接近我们。若这两道辐射源,我们都观测多普勒位移,则速度与距离可以被决定,不受其他观察项目的影响。

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